Isaiah 17:12

Authorized King James Version

Woe to the multitude of many people, which make a noise like the noise of the seas; and to the rushing of nations, that make a rushing like the rushing of mighty waters!

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
ה֗וֹי
Woe
oh!
#2
הֲמוֹן֙
to the multitude
a noise, tumult, crowd; also disquietude, wealth
#3
עַמִּ֣ים
people
a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
#4
רַבִּ֔ים
of many
abundant (in quantity, size, age, number, rank, quality)
#5
יֶהֱמָי֑וּן
like the noise
to make a loud sound (like english 'hum'); by implication, to be in great commotion or tumult, to rage, war, moan, clamor
#6
יַמִּ֖ים
of the seas
a sea (as breaking in noisy surf) or large body of water; specifically (with the article), the mediterranean sea; sometimes a large river, or an artif
#7
יֶהֱמָי֑וּן
like the noise
to make a loud sound (like english 'hum'); by implication, to be in great commotion or tumult, to rage, war, moan, clamor
#8
כִּשְׁא֛וֹן
and to the rushing
uproar (as of rushing); by implication, destruction
#9
לְאֻמִּ֔ים
of nations
a community
#10
כִּשְׁא֛וֹן
and to the rushing
uproar (as of rushing); by implication, destruction
#11
מַ֥יִם
waters
water; figuratively, juice; by euphemism, urine, semen
#12
כַּבִּירִ֖ים
of mighty
vast, whether in extent (figuratively, of power, mighty; of time, aged), or in number, many
#13
יִשָּׁאֽוּן׃
that make a rushing like the rushing
to rush; by implication, to desolate

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing covenant community contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of the literary conventions and historical circumstances of biblical literature shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of salvation within the theological tradition of Isaiah Understanding the ancient worldview that shaped the author's theological expression helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes covenant community in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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