Genesis 49:9

Authorized King James Version

Judah is a lion's whelp: from the prey, my son, thou art gone up: he stooped down, he couched as a lion, and as an old lion; who shall rouse him up?

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
גּ֤וּר
whelp
a cub (as still abiding in the lair), especially of the lion
#2
כְּאַרְיֵ֛ה
as a lion
a lion
#3
יְהוּדָ֔ה
Judah
jehudah (or judah), the name of five israelites; also of the tribe descended from the first, and of its territory
#4
מִטֶּ֖רֶף
from the prey
something torn, i.e., a fragment, e.g., a fresh leaf, prey, food
#5
בְּנִ֣י
my son
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
#6
עָלִ֑יתָ
thou art gone up
to ascend, intransitively (be high) or actively (mount); used in a great variety of senses, primary and secondary, literal and figurative
#7
כָּרַ֨ע
he stooped down
to bend the knee; by implication, to sink, to prostrate
#8
רָבַ֧ץ
he couched
to crouch (on all four legs folded, like a recumbent animal); by implication, to recline, repose, brood, lurk, imbed
#9
כְּאַרְיֵ֛ה
as a lion
a lion
#10
וּכְלָבִ֖יא
and as an old lion
a lion (properly, a lioness as the fiercer (although not a roarer;))
#11
מִ֥י
who? (occasionally, by a peculiar idiom, of things); also (indefinitely) whoever; often used in oblique construction with prefix or suffix
#12
יְקִימֶֽנּוּ׃
who shall rouse him up
to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative)

Analysis

Within the broader context of Genesis, this passage highlights creation and providence through simile or metaphorical language. The theological weight of divine revelation connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about divine revelation, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Genesis.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the tribal and clan-based society of the ancient Near East. The author writes to address the foundational narrative for Israel's identity and relationship with God, making the emphasis on creation and providence particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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