Genesis 49:23

Authorized King James Version

The archers have sorely grieved him, and shot at him, and hated him:

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַֽיְמָרֲרֻ֖הוּ
have sorely grieved him
to be (causatively, make) bitter (literally or figuratively)
#2
וָרֹ֑בּוּ
and shot
to shoot an arrow
#3
וַֽיִּשְׂטְמֻ֖הוּ
at him and hated him
properly, to lurk for, i.e., persecute
#4
בַּֽעֲלֵ֥י
The archers
a master; hence, a husband, or (figuratively) owner (often used with another noun in modifications of this latter sense)
#5
חִצִּֽים׃
properly, a piercer, i.e., an arrow; by implication, a wound; figuratively, (of god) thunder-bolt; the shaft of a spear

Analysis

Within the broader context of Genesis, this passage highlights creation and providence through declarative statements that establish theological truth. The theological weight of divine revelation connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about divine revelation, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Genesis.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the tribal and clan-based society of the ancient Near East. The author writes to address the foundational narrative for Israel's identity and relationship with God, making the emphasis on creation and providence particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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