Psalms 64:3

Authorized King James Version

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Who whet their tongue like a sword, and bend their bows to shoot their arrows, even bitter words:

Original Language Analysis

אֲשֶׁ֤ר H834
אֲשֶׁ֤ר
Strong's: H834
Word #: 1 of 8
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
שָׁנְנ֣וּ Who whet H8150
שָׁנְנ֣וּ Who whet
Strong's: H8150
Word #: 2 of 8
to point (transitive or intransitive); intensively, to pierce; figuratively, to inculcate
כַחֶ֣רֶב like a sword H2719
כַחֶ֣רֶב like a sword
Strong's: H2719
Word #: 3 of 8
drought; also a cutting instrument (from its destructive effect), as a knife, sword, or other sharp implement
לְשׁוֹנָ֑ם their tongue H3956
לְשׁוֹנָ֑ם their tongue
Strong's: H3956
Word #: 4 of 8
the tongue (of man or animals), used literally (as the instrument of licking, eating, or speech), and figuratively (speech, an ingot, a fork of flame,
דָּרְכ֥וּ and bend H1869
דָּרְכ֥וּ and bend
Strong's: H1869
Word #: 5 of 8
to tread; by implication, to walk; also to string a bow (by treading on it in bending)
חִ֝צָּ֗ם their bows to shoot their arrows H2671
חִ֝צָּ֗ם their bows to shoot their arrows
Strong's: H2671
Word #: 6 of 8
properly, a piercer, i.e., an arrow; by implication, a wound; figuratively, (of god) thunder-bolt; the shaft of a spear
דָּבָ֥ר words H1697
דָּבָ֥ר words
Strong's: H1697
Word #: 7 of 8
a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause
מָֽר׃ even bitter H4751
מָֽר׃ even bitter
Strong's: H4751
Word #: 8 of 8
bitter (literally or figuratively); also (as noun) bitterness, or (adverbially) bitterly

Analysis & Commentary

The metaphor of tongues as swords and words as arrows depicts verbal assault as warfare. The Hebrew 'shanan' (sharpen/whet) indicates deliberate preparation, not spontaneous anger. 'Bend their bows' suggests aimed, intentional harm. This anticipates James's teaching on the tongue as a deadly weapon (James 3:5-8), showing that slander requires the same spiritual vigilance as physical warfare.

Historical Context

Ancient warfare involved both swords (close combat) and arrows (distance attacks), making the metaphor comprehensive. Verbal assault in ancient courts could be as deadly as weapons, as false accusations often resulted in execution.

Questions for Reflection