Psalms 11:2

Authorized King James Version

For, lo, the wicked bend their bow, they make ready their arrow upon the string, that they may privily shoot at the upright in heart.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
כִּ֤י
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
#2
הִנֵּ֪ה
lo!
#3
הָרְשָׁעִ֡ים
For lo the wicked
morally wrong; concretely, an (actively) bad person
#4
יִדְרְכ֬וּן
bend
to tread; by implication, to walk; also to string a bow (by treading on it in bending)
#5
קֶ֗שֶׁת
their bow
a bow, for shooting (hence, figuratively, strength) or the iris
#6
כּוֹנְנ֣וּ
they make ready
properly, to be erect (i.e., stand perpendicular); hence (causatively) to set up, in a great variety of applications, whether literal (establish, fix,
#7
חִצָּ֣ם
their arrow
properly, a piercer, i.e., an arrow; by implication, a wound; figuratively, (of god) thunder-bolt; the shaft of a spear
#8
עַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#9
יֶ֑תֶר
upon the string
properly, an overhanging, i.e., (by implication) a small rope (as hanging free)
#10
לִיר֥וֹת
shoot
properly, to flow as water (i.e., to rain); transitively, to lay or throw (especially an arrow, i.e., to shoot); figuratively, to point out (as if by
#11
בְּמוֹ
in, with, by, etc
#12
אֹ֝֗פֶל
that they may privily
dusk
#13
לְיִשְׁרֵי
at the upright
straight (literally or figuratively)
#14
לֵֽב׃
in heart
the heart; also used (figuratively) very widely for the feelings, the will and even the intellect; likewise for the center of anything

Analysis

This verse develops the worship and praise theme central to Psalms. The concept of divine revelation reflects the proper human response to God's character and works. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to worship literature expressing the full range of human experience before God, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the Israelite monarchy with its court politics and military conflicts. The author writes to address worshipers in the temple and those seeking God in times of distress, making the emphasis on worship and praise particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection