Genesis 38:29

Authorized King James Version

And it came to pass, as he drew back his hand, that, behold, his brother came out: and she said, How hast thou broken forth? this breach be upon thee: therefore his name was called Pharez.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיְהִ֣י׀
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
#2
כְּמֵשִׁ֣יב
And it came to pass as he drew back
to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the idea of return to the starting point);
#3
יָד֗וֹ
his hand
a hand (the open one [indicating power, means, direction, etc.], in distinction from h3709, the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great v
#4
וְהִנֵּה֙
lo!
#5
יָצָ֣א
came out
to go (causatively, bring) out, in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively, direct and proxim
#6
אָחִ֔יו
that behold his brother
a brother (used in the widest sense of literal relationship and metaphorical affinity or resemblance [like h0001])
#7
וַתֹּ֕אמֶר
and she said
to say (used with great latitude)
#8
מַה
properly, interrogative what? (including how? why? when?); but also exclamation, what! (including how!), or indefinitely what (including whatever, and
#9
פָּרַ֖צְתָּ
How hast thou broken forth
to break out (in many applications, direct and indirect, literal and figurative)
#10
עָלֶ֣יךָ
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#11
פָּ֑רֶץ
this breach
a break (literally or figuratively)
#12
וַיִּקְרָ֥א
was called
to call out to (i.e., properly, address by name, but used in a wide variety of applications)
#13
שְׁמ֖וֹ
be upon thee therefore his name
an appellation, as a mark or memorial of individuality; by implication honor, authority, character
#14
פָּֽרֶץ׃
Pharez
perets, the name of two israelites

Analysis

This verse develops the creation and providence theme central to Genesis. The concept of divine revelation reflects God's absolute sovereignty over all existence. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to foundational narrative establishing God's relationship with creation and humanity, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the tribal and clan-based society of the ancient Near East. The author writes to address the foundational narrative for Israel's identity and relationship with God, making the emphasis on creation and providence particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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