Genesis 30:39

Authorized King James Version

And the flocks conceived before the rods, and brought forth cattle ringstraked, speckled, and spotted.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיֶּֽחֱמ֥וּ
conceived
probably to be hot; figuratively, to conceive
#2
הַצֹּ֔אן
And the flocks
a collective name for a flock (of sheep or goats); also figuratively (of men)
#3
אֶל
near, with or among; often in general, to
#4
הַמַּקְל֑וֹת
before the rods
a shoot, i.e., stick (with leaves on, or for walking, striking, guiding, divining)
#5
וַתֵּלַ֣דְןָ
and brought forth
to bear young; causatively, to beget; medically, to act as midwife; specifically, to show lineage
#6
הַצֹּ֔אן
And the flocks
a collective name for a flock (of sheep or goats); also figuratively (of men)
#7
עֲקֻדִּ֥ים
ringstraked
striped (with bands)
#8
נְקֻדִּ֖ים
speckled
spotted
#9
וּטְלֻאִֽים׃
and spotted
properly, to cover with pieces; i.e., (by implication) to spot or variegate (as tapestry)

Analysis

The creation and providence theme here intersects with the broader canonical witness to God's character and purposes. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of progressive revelation that finds its culmination in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine revelation contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's consistent character and purposes.

Historical Context

The historical context of the patriarchal period (c. 2000-1500 BCE) and primeval history provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The ancient Near Eastern world with its creation myths, flood narratives, and patriarchal social structures provided the cultural backdrop against which God's revelation stands in stark contrast. The ancient Near Eastern cosmology and patriarchal society would have shaped how the original audience understood divine revelation. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Ancient Near Eastern creation texts like Enuma Elish provide comparative context for understanding Genesis's unique theological perspective.

Questions for Reflection

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