Genesis 15:9

Authorized King James Version

And he said unto him, Take me an heifer of three years old, and a she goat of three years old, and a ram of three years old, and a turtledove, and a young pigeon.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיֹּ֣אמֶר
And he said
to say (used with great latitude)
#2
אֵלָ֗יו
near, with or among; often in general, to
#3
קְחָ֥ה
unto him Take
to take (in the widest variety of applications)
#4
לִי֙
H0
#5
עֶגְלָ֣ה
me an heifer
a (female) calf, especially one nearly grown (i.e., a heifer)
#6
מְשֻׁלָּ֑שׁ
of three years old
to be (causatively, make) triplicate (by restoration, in portions, strands, days or years)
#7
וְעֵ֥ז
and a she goat
a she-goat (as strong), but masculine in plural (which also is used elliptically for goat's hair)
#8
מְשֻׁלָּ֑שׁ
of three years old
to be (causatively, make) triplicate (by restoration, in portions, strands, days or years)
#9
וְאַ֣יִל
and a ram
properly, strength; hence, anything strong; specifically an oak or other strong tree
#10
מְשֻׁלָּ֑שׁ
of three years old
to be (causatively, make) triplicate (by restoration, in portions, strands, days or years)
#11
וְתֹ֖ר
and a turtledove
a ring-dove, often (figuratively) as a term of endearment
#12
וְגוֹזָֽל׃
and a young pigeon
a nestling (as being comparatively nude of feathers)

Analysis

This verse develops the creation and providence theme central to Genesis. The concept of divine revelation reflects God's absolute sovereignty over all existence. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to foundational narrative establishing God's relationship with creation and humanity, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the tribal and clan-based society of the ancient Near East. The author writes to address the foundational narrative for Israel's identity and relationship with God, making the emphasis on creation and providence particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

Related Resources

Explore related topics, people, and study resources to deepen your understanding of this passage.

People

Study Resources