Genesis 14:1

Authorized King James Version

And it came to pass in the days of Amraphel king of Shinar, Arioch king of Ellasar, Chedorlaomer king of Elam, and Tidal king of nations;

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיְהִ֗י
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
#2
בִּימֵי֙
And it came to pass in the days
a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an asso
#3
אַמְרָפֶ֣ל
of Amraphel
amraphel, a king of shinar
#4
מֶ֥לֶךְ
king
a king
#5
שִׁנְעָ֔ר
of Shinar
shinar, a plain in babylonia
#6
אַרְי֖וֹךְ
Arioch
arjok, the name of two babylonians
#7
מֶ֥לֶךְ
king
a king
#8
אֶלָּסָ֑ר
of Ellasar
ellasar, an early country of asia
#9
כְּדָרְלָעֹ֙מֶר֙
Chedorlaomer
kedorlaomer, an early persian king
#10
מֶ֥לֶךְ
king
a king
#11
עֵילָ֔ם
of Elam
elam, a son of shem and his descendants, with their country; also of six israelites
#12
וְתִדְעָ֖ל
and Tidal
tidal, a canaanite
#13
מֶ֥לֶךְ
king
a king
#14
גּוֹיִֽם׃
of nations
a foreign nation; hence, a gentile; also (figuratively) a troop of animals, or a flight of locusts

Analysis

The creation and providence theme here intersects with the broader canonical witness to God's character and purposes. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of progressive revelation that finds its culmination in Christ. The phrase emphasizing covenant community contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's consistent character and purposes.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the tribal and clan-based society of the ancient Near East. The author writes to address the foundational narrative for Israel's identity and relationship with God, making the emphasis on creation and providence particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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