Genesis 14:2

Authorized King James Version

That these made war with Bera king of Sodom, and with Birsha king of Gomorrah, Shinab king of Admah, and Shemeber king of Zeboiim, and the king of Bela, which is Zoar.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
עָשׂ֣וּ
That these made
to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
#2
מִלְחָמָ֗ה
war
a battle (i.e., the engagement); generally, war (i.e., war-fare)
#3
וְאֶת
with
properly, nearness (used only as a preposition or an adverb), near; hence, generally, with, by, at, among, etc
#4
בֶּ֙רַע֙
Bera
bera, a sodomitish king
#5
וּמֶ֥לֶךְ
and the king
a king
#6
סְדֹ֔ם
of Sodom
sedom, a place near the dead sea
#7
וְאֶת
with
properly, nearness (used only as a preposition or an adverb), near; hence, generally, with, by, at, among, etc
#8
בִּרְשַׁ֖ע
and with Birsha
birsha, a king of gomorrah
#9
וּמֶ֥לֶךְ
and the king
a king
#10
עֲמֹרָ֑ה
of Gomorrah
amorah, a place in palestine
#11
שִׁנְאָ֣ב׀
Shinab
shinab, a canaanite
#12
וּמֶ֥לֶךְ
and the king
a king
#13
אַדְמָ֗ה
of Admah
admah, a place near the dead sea
#14
וְשֶׁמְאֵ֙בֶר֙
and Shemeber
shemeber, a king of zeboim
#15
וּמֶ֥לֶךְ
and the king
a king
#16
צְבֹיִ֔ים
of Zeboiim
tseboim or tsebijim, a place in palestine
#17
וּמֶ֥לֶךְ
and the king
a king
#18
בֶּ֖לַע
of Bela
bela, the name of a place
#19
הִיא
which is
he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo
#20
צֹֽעַר׃
Zoar
tsoar, a place east of the jordan

Analysis

Within the broader context of Genesis, this passage highlights creation and providence through declarative statements that establish theological truth. The theological weight of divine revelation connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about divine revelation, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Genesis.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the tribal and clan-based society of the ancient Near East. The author writes to address the foundational narrative for Israel's identity and relationship with God, making the emphasis on creation and providence particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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