Ezekiel 36:4

Authorized King James Version

Therefore, ye mountains of Israel, hear the word of the Lord GOD; Thus saith the Lord GOD to the mountains, and to the hills, to the rivers, and to the valleys, to the desolate wastes, and to the cities that are forsaken, which became a prey and derision to the residue of the heathen that are round about;

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
לָכֵן֙
properly, set upright; hence (figuratively as adjective) just; but usually (as adverb or conjunction) rightly or so (in various applications to manner
#2
לֶהָרִ֨ים
Therefore ye mountains
a mountain or range of hills (sometimes used figuratively)
#3
יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל
of Israel
he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
#4
שִׁמְע֖וּ
hear
to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to tell, etc.)
#5
דְּבַר
the word
a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause
#6
אֲדֹנָ֣י
of the Lord
the lord (used as a proper name of god only)
#7
יְהוִ֑ה
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
#8
כֹּֽה
properly, like this, i.e., by implication, (of manner) thus (or so); also (of place) here (or hither); or (of time) now
#9
אָמַ֣ר
Thus saith
to say (used with great latitude)
#10
אֲדֹנָ֣י
of the Lord
the lord (used as a proper name of god only)
#11
יְ֠הוִה
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
#12
לֶהָרִ֨ים
Therefore ye mountains
a mountain or range of hills (sometimes used figuratively)
#13
וְלַגְּבָע֜וֹת
and to the hills
a hillock
#14
לָאֲפִיקִ֣ים
to the rivers
properly, containing, i.e., a tube; also a bed or valley of a stream; also a strong thing or a hero
#15
וְלַגֵּאָי֗וֹת
and to the valleys
a gorge (from its lofty sides; hence, narrow, but not a gully or winter-torrent)
#16
וְלֶחֳרָב֤וֹת
wastes
properly, drought, i.e., (by implication) a desolation
#17
הַשֹּֽׁמְמוֹת֙
to the desolate
to stun (or intransitively, grow numb), i.e., devastate or (figuratively) stupefy (both usually in a passive sense)
#18
וְלֶעָרִ֣ים
and to the cities
a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post)
#19
הַנֶּעֱזָב֔וֹת
that are forsaken
to loosen, i.e., relinquish, permit, etc
#20
אֲשֶׁ֨ר
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
#21
הָי֤וּ
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
#22
לְבַז֙
which became a prey
plunder
#23
וּלְלַ֔עַג
and derision
derision, scoffing
#24
לִשְׁאֵרִ֥ית
to the residue
a remainder or residual (surviving, final) portion
#25
הַגּוֹיִ֖ם
of the heathen
a foreign nation; hence, a gentile; also (figuratively) a troop of animals, or a flight of locusts
#26
אֲשֶׁ֥ר
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
#27
מִסָּבִֽיב׃
that are round about
(as noun) a circle, neighbour, or environs; but chiefly (as adverb, with or without preposition) around

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to Ezekiel. The concept of divine sovereignty reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The divine name or title here functions within biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness to establish theological authority and covenantal relationship. The original language emphasizes the covenant name Yahweh, emphasizing God's faithfulness to His promises, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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