Ezekiel 16:3

Authorized King James Version

PDF

And say, Thus saith the Lord GOD unto Jerusalem; Thy birth and thy nativity is of the land of Canaan; thy father was an Amorite, and thy mother an Hittite.

Original Language Analysis

אָמַ֨ר And say H559
אָמַ֨ר And say
Strong's: H559
Word #: 1 of 14
to say (used with great latitude)
כֹּה H3541
כֹּה
Strong's: H3541
Word #: 2 of 14
properly, like this, i.e., by implication, (of manner) thus (or so); also (of place) here (or hither); or (of time) now
אָמַ֨ר And say H559
אָמַ֨ר And say
Strong's: H559
Word #: 3 of 14
to say (used with great latitude)
אֲדֹנָ֤י the Lord H136
אֲדֹנָ֤י the Lord
Strong's: H136
Word #: 4 of 14
the lord (used as a proper name of god only)
יְהוִה֙ GOD H3069
יְהוִה֙ GOD
Strong's: H3069
Word #: 5 of 14
god
לִיר֣וּשָׁלִַ֔ם unto Jerusalem H3389
לִיר֣וּשָׁלִַ֔ם unto Jerusalem
Strong's: H3389
Word #: 6 of 14
jerushalaim or jerushalem, the capital city of palestine
מְכֹרֹתַ֙יִךְ֙ Thy birth H4351
מְכֹרֹתַ֙יִךְ֙ Thy birth
Strong's: H4351
Word #: 7 of 14
origin (as if a mine)
וּמֹ֣לְדֹתַ֔יִךְ and thy nativity H4138
וּמֹ֣לְדֹתַ֔יִךְ and thy nativity
Strong's: H4138
Word #: 8 of 14
nativity (plural birth-place); by implication, lineage, native country; also offspring, family
מֵאֶ֖רֶץ is of the land H776
מֵאֶ֖רֶץ is of the land
Strong's: H776
Word #: 9 of 14
the earth (at large, or partitively a land)
הַֽכְּנַעֲנִ֑י of Canaan H3669
הַֽכְּנַעֲנִ֑י of Canaan
Strong's: H3669
Word #: 10 of 14
a kenaanite or inhabitant of kenaan; by implication, a pedlar (the canaanites standing for their neighbors the ishmaelites, who conducted mercantile c
אָבִ֥יךְ thy father H1
אָבִ֥יךְ thy father
Strong's: H1
Word #: 11 of 14
father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application
הָאֱמֹרִ֖י was an Amorite H567
הָאֱמֹרִ֖י was an Amorite
Strong's: H567
Word #: 12 of 14
an emorite, one of the canaanitish tribes
וְאִמֵּ֥ךְ and thy mother H517
וְאִמֵּ֥ךְ and thy mother
Strong's: H517
Word #: 13 of 14
a mother (as the bond of the family); in a wide sense (both literally and figuratively [like father])
חִתִּֽית׃ an Hittite H2850
חִתִּֽית׃ an Hittite
Strong's: H2850
Word #: 14 of 14
a chittite, or descendant of cheth

Cross References

Ezekiel 16:45Thou art thy mother's daughter, that lotheth her husband and her children; and thou art the sister of thy sisters, which lothed their husbands and their children: your mother was an Hittite, and your father an Amorite.Nehemiah 9:7Thou art the LORD the God, who didst choose Abram, and broughtest him forth out of Ur of the Chaldees, and gavest him the name of Abraham;Deuteronomy 20:17But thou shalt utterly destroy them; namely, the Hittites, and the Amorites, the Canaanites, and the Perizzites, the Hivites, and the Jebusites; as the LORD thy God hath commanded thee:Isaiah 1:10Hear the word of the LORD, ye rulers of Sodom; give ear unto the law of our God, ye people of Gomorrah.John 8:44Ye are of your father the devil, and the lusts of your father ye will do. He was a murderer from the beginning, and abode not in the truth, because there is no truth in him. When he speaketh a lie, he speaketh of his own: for he is a liar, and the father of it.Genesis 15:16But in the fourth generation they shall come hither again: for the iniquity of the Amorites is not yet full.Luke 3:7Then said he to the multitude that came forth to be baptized of him, O generation of vipers, who hath warned you to flee from the wrath to come?Ezekiel 21:30Shall I cause it to return into his sheath? I will judge thee in the place where thou wast created, in the land of thy nativity.1 Kings 21:26And he did very abominably in following idols, according to all things as did the Amorites, whom the LORD cast out before the children of Israel.1 John 3:10In this the children of God are manifest, and the children of the devil: whosoever doeth not righteousness is not of God, neither he that loveth not his brother.

Analysis & Commentary

This verse presents Thy birth and nativity in Ezekiel's extended allegory of Jerusalem as God's bride. Jerusalem's shameful origins, illustrating God's grace in choosing, rescuing, and elevating Israel from nothing to covenant partnership. The imagery depicts the foundational gospel pattern—God's initiative in salvation, not human merit or initiative. Israel contributed nothing to her election; God chose, rescued, cleansed, and covenanted with her purely from grace.

The allegory's power lies in contrasting God's gracious actions with Israel's subsequent unfaithfulness (developed later in the chapter). This establishes that Israel's judgment isn't arbitrary but betrayal of extraordinary grace. God lavished love on her, making her betrayal through idolatry (spiritual adultery) particularly heinous. The metaphor of marriage communicates covenant intimacy and the personal nature of sin against God.

From a Reformed perspective, this passage illustrates the doctrines of election and sovereign grace. God chose Israel not because of her attractiveness or merit but purely from divine love (Deuteronomy 7:7-8). Similarly, believers' salvation originates entirely in God's gracious choice and initiative (Ephesians 1:4-5, 2:1-5), not human worthiness or decision. This humbles pride and grounds assurance in God's character rather than our performance.

Historical Context

The chapter 16 allegory addresses Jerusalem's history from Canaanite origins (v. 3—'thy father was an Amorite, thy mother a Hittite') through David's conquest, Solomon's glory, and eventual spiritual prostitution through idolatry and alliances with pagan nations. Jerusalem's shameful origins within this historical retrospective explaining how a nation so blessed fell so far. The imagery would resonate with Ezekiel's audience, conveying both the magnitude of God's grace and the enormity of Jerusalem's ingratitude. Archaeological evidence confirms Jerusalem's Canaanite origins (the Jebusites) before David's conquest, supporting the allegory's historical foundation.

Questions for Reflection

Related Resources

Explore related topics, people, and study resources to deepen your understanding of this passage.

People