Deuteronomy 20:17

Authorized King James Version

PDF

But thou shalt utterly destroy them; namely, the Hittites, and the Amorites, the Canaanites, and the Perizzites, the Hivites, and the Jebusites; as the LORD thy God hath commanded thee:

Original Language Analysis

כִּֽי H3588
כִּֽי
Strong's: H3588
Word #: 1 of 13
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
תַּֽחֲרִימֵ֗ם But thou shalt utterly H2763
תַּֽחֲרִימֵ֗ם But thou shalt utterly
Strong's: H2763
Word #: 2 of 13
to seclude; specifically (by a ban) to devote to religious uses (especially destruction); physical and reflexive, to be blunt as to the nose
תַּֽחֲרִימֵ֗ם But thou shalt utterly H2763
תַּֽחֲרִימֵ֗ם But thou shalt utterly
Strong's: H2763
Word #: 3 of 13
to seclude; specifically (by a ban) to devote to religious uses (especially destruction); physical and reflexive, to be blunt as to the nose
הַֽחִתִּ֤י them namely the Hittites H2850
הַֽחִתִּ֤י them namely the Hittites
Strong's: H2850
Word #: 4 of 13
a chittite, or descendant of cheth
וְהָֽאֱמֹרִי֙ and the Amorites H567
וְהָֽאֱמֹרִי֙ and the Amorites
Strong's: H567
Word #: 5 of 13
an emorite, one of the canaanitish tribes
הַכְּנַֽעֲנִ֣י the Canaanites H3669
הַכְּנַֽעֲנִ֣י the Canaanites
Strong's: H3669
Word #: 6 of 13
a kenaanite or inhabitant of kenaan; by implication, a pedlar (the canaanites standing for their neighbors the ishmaelites, who conducted mercantile c
וְהַפְּרִזִּ֔י and the Perizzites H6522
וְהַפְּרִזִּ֔י and the Perizzites
Strong's: H6522
Word #: 7 of 13
a perizzite, one of the canaanitish tribes
הַֽחִוִּ֖י the Hivites H2340
הַֽחִוִּ֖י the Hivites
Strong's: H2340
Word #: 8 of 13
a chivvite, one of the indigenous tribes of palestine
וְהַיְבוּסִ֑י and the Jebusites H2983
וְהַיְבוּסִ֑י and the Jebusites
Strong's: H2983
Word #: 9 of 13
a jebusite or inhabitant of jebus
כַּֽאֲשֶׁ֥ר H834
כַּֽאֲשֶׁ֥ר
Strong's: H834
Word #: 10 of 13
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
צִוְּךָ֖ hath commanded H6680
צִוְּךָ֖ hath commanded
Strong's: H6680
Word #: 11 of 13
(intensively) to constitute, enjoin
יְהוָ֥ה as the LORD H3068
יְהוָ֥ה as the LORD
Strong's: H3068
Word #: 12 of 13
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
אֱלֹהֶֽיךָ׃ thy God H430
אֱלֹהֶֽיךָ׃ thy God
Strong's: H430
Word #: 13 of 13
gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of

Analysis & Commentary

But thou shalt utterly destroy them; namely, the Hittites, and the Amorites, the Canaanites, and the Perizzites, the Hivites, and the Jebusites; as the LORD thy God hath commanded thee—The seven nations listed represent complete Canaanite civilization. Utterly destroy (הַחֲרֵם תַּחֲרִימֵם, hacharem tacharimem, intensive doubling: 'you shall certainly devote to destruction') emphasizes non-negotiable obedience. The phrase as the LORD thy God hath commanded anchors this in divine authority, not human cruelty.

This isn't genocide (ethnic elimination) but theocide (false-god elimination). Rahab and the Gibeonites survived by embracing YHWH (Joshua 2, 9)—proving ethnicity wasn't the issue, idolatry was. Similarly, God demands spiritual herem: Mortify therefore your members which are upon the earth; fornication, uncleanness, inordinate affection, evil concupiscence, and covetousness, which is idolatry (Colossians 3:5). No quarter given to indwelling sin.

Historical Context

These seven nations formed Canaan's dominant cultures. Israel conquered under Joshua (1406-1399 BC) but failed to complete the herem, leaving pockets of Canaanite population. Judges records the predictable result: The anger of the LORD was hot against Israel for serving Baals and Ashtoreths (Judges 2:13-14).

Questions for Reflection

Related Resources

Explore related topics, people, and study resources to deepen your understanding of this passage.

Study Resources