Exodus 39:19

Authorized King James Version

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And they made two rings of gold, and put them on the two ends of the breastplate, upon the border of it, which was on the side of the ephod inward.

Original Language Analysis

וַֽיַּעֲשׂ֗וּ And they made H6213
וַֽיַּעֲשׂ֗וּ And they made
Strong's: H6213
Word #: 1 of 16
to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
שְׁנֵ֖י them on the two H8147
שְׁנֵ֖י them on the two
Strong's: H8147
Word #: 2 of 16
two; also (as ordinal) twofold
טַבְּעֹ֣ת rings H2885
טַבְּעֹ֣ת rings
Strong's: H2885
Word #: 3 of 16
properly, a seal (as sunk into the wax), i.e., signet (for sealing); hence (generally) a ring of any kind
זָהָ֔ב of gold H2091
זָהָ֔ב of gold
Strong's: H2091
Word #: 4 of 16
gold, figuratively, something gold-colored (i.e., yellow), as oil, a clear sky
וַיָּשִׂ֕ימוּ and put H7760
וַיָּשִׂ֕ימוּ and put
Strong's: H7760
Word #: 5 of 16
to put (used in a great variety of applications, literal, figurative, inferentially, and elliptically)
עַל H5921
עַל
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 6 of 16
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
שְׁנֵ֖י them on the two H8147
שְׁנֵ֖י them on the two
Strong's: H8147
Word #: 7 of 16
two; also (as ordinal) twofold
קְצ֣וֹת ends H7098
קְצ֣וֹת ends
Strong's: H7098
Word #: 8 of 16
a termination
הַחֹ֑שֶׁן of the breastplate H2833
הַחֹ֑שֶׁן of the breastplate
Strong's: H2833
Word #: 9 of 16
perhaps a pocket (as holding the urim and thummim), or rich (as containing gems), used only of the gorget of the highpriest
עַל H5921
עַל
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 10 of 16
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
שְׂפָת֕וֹ upon the border H8193
שְׂפָת֕וֹ upon the border
Strong's: H8193
Word #: 11 of 16
the lip (as a natural boundary); by implication, language; by analogy, a margin (of a vessel, water, cloth, etc.)
אֲשֶׁ֛ר H834
אֲשֶׁ֛ר
Strong's: H834
Word #: 12 of 16
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
אֶל H413
אֶל
Strong's: H413
Word #: 13 of 16
near, with or among; often in general, to
עֵ֥בֶר of it which was on the side H5676
עֵ֥בֶר of it which was on the side
Strong's: H5676
Word #: 14 of 16
properly, a region across; but used only adverbially (with or without a preposition) on the opposite side (especially of the jordan; ususally meaning
הָֽאֵפֹ֖ד of the ephod H646
הָֽאֵפֹ֖ד of the ephod
Strong's: H646
Word #: 15 of 16
a girdle; specifically the ephod or highpriest's shoulder-piece; also generally, an image
בָּֽיְתָה׃ inward H1004
בָּֽיְתָה׃ inward
Strong's: H1004
Word #: 16 of 16
a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)

Analysis & Commentary

Additional rings on the breastplate's 'border' near the ephod's 'inward' side complete the lower attachment. The Hebrew פְּאַת (pe'at, corner/border) indicates precise positioning; הַבַּיְתָה (habaytah, inward) shows the hidden, private connection. While the top attachment is visible, this lower connection is hidden—teaching that some aspects of priestly ministry are public, others private. Christ's intercession has both public (openly declared justification) and hidden (intimate communion with Father) dimensions. The complete encircling connection ensures breastplate security from top and bottom.

Historical Context

The lower rings' inward position kept them hidden beneath the ephod's front panel, preventing them from snagging during ministry. The two-point attachment system (top and bottom) distributed weight and prevented swinging or shifting during the high priest's movements.

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