Exodus 18:8

Authorized King James Version

And Moses told his father in law all that the LORD had done unto Pharaoh and to the Egyptians for Israel's sake, and all the travail that had come upon them by the way, and how the LORD delivered them.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיְסַפֵּ֤ר
told
properly, to score with a mark as a tally or record, i.e., (by implication) to inscribe, and also to enumerate; intensively, to recount, i.e., celebra
#2
מֹשֶׁה֙
And Moses
mosheh, the israelite lawgiver
#3
לְחֹ֣תְנ֔וֹ
his father in law
to give (a daughter) away in marriage; hence (generally) to contract affinity by marriage
#4
אֵת֩
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#5
כָּל
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
#6
אֲשֶׁ֨ר
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
#7
עָשָׂ֤ה
had done
to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
#8
יְהוָֽה׃
all that the LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
#9
לְפַרְעֹ֣ה
unto Pharaoh
paroh, a general title of egyptian kings
#10
וּלְמִצְרַ֔יִם
and to the Egyptians
mitsrajim, i.e., upper and lower egypt
#11
עַ֖ל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#12
אוֹדֹ֣ת
sake
turnings (i.e., occasions); (adverb) on account of
#13
יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל
for Israel's
he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
#14
אֵ֤ת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#15
כָּל
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
#16
הַתְּלָאָה֙
and all the travail
distress
#17
אֲשֶׁ֣ר
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
#18
מְצָאָ֣תַם
that had come
properly, to come forth to, i.e., appear or exist; transitively, to attain, i.e., find or acquire; figuratively, to occur, meet or be present
#19
בַּדֶּ֔רֶךְ
upon them by the way
a road (as trodden); figuratively, a course of life or mode of action, often adverb
#20
וַיַּצִּלֵ֖ם
delivered
to snatch away, whether in a good or a bad sense
#21
יְהוָֽה׃
all that the LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine sovereignty contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

The historical context of the period of Egyptian bondage and wilderness wandering (c. 1440-1400 BCE) provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The historical and cultural milieu of the biblical world informed the author's theological expression and the audience's understanding. The the cultural context of the biblical world would have shaped how the original audience understood divine sovereignty. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection

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