Exodus 18:9

Authorized King James Version

And Jethro rejoiced for all the goodness which the LORD had done to Israel, whom he had delivered out of the hand of the Egyptians.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיִּ֣חַדְּ
rejoiced
to rejoice
#2
יִתְר֔וֹ
And Jethro
jethro, moses' father-in-law
#3
עַ֚ל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#4
כָּל
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
#5
הַטּוֹבָ֔ה
for all the goodness
good (as an adjective) in the widest sense; used likewise as a noun, both in the masculine and the feminine, the singular and the plural (good, a good
#6
אֲשֶׁר
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
#7
עָשָׂ֥ה
had done
to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
#8
יְהוָ֖ה
which the LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
#9
לְיִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל
to Israel
he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
#10
אֲשֶׁ֥ר
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
#11
הִצִּיל֖וֹ
whom he had delivered
to snatch away, whether in a good or a bad sense
#12
מִיַּ֥ד
out of the hand
a hand (the open one [indicating power, means, direction, etc.], in distinction from h3709, the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great v
#13
מִצְרָֽיִם׃
of the Egyptians
mitsrajim, i.e., upper and lower egypt

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to Exodus. The concept of divine sovereignty reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The divine name or title here functions within biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness to establish theological authority and covenantal relationship. The original language emphasizes the covenant name Yahweh, emphasizing God's faithfulness to His promises, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The historical context of the period of Egyptian bondage and wilderness wandering (c. 1440-1400 BCE) provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The historical and cultural milieu of the biblical world informed the author's theological expression and the audience's understanding. The the cultural context of the biblical world would have shaped how the original audience understood divine sovereignty. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection

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