Esther 8:1

Authorized King James Version

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On that day did the king Ahasuerus give the house of Haman the Jews' enemy unto Esther the queen. And Mordecai came before the king; for Esther had told what he was unto her.

Original Language Analysis

בַּיּ֣וֹם On that day H3117
בַּיּ֣וֹם On that day
Strong's: H3117
Word #: 1 of 22
a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an asso
הַה֗וּא H1931
הַה֗וּא
Strong's: H1931
Word #: 2 of 22
he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo
נָתַ֞ן give H5414
נָתַ֞ן give
Strong's: H5414
Word #: 3 of 22
to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)
הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ did the king H4428
הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ did the king
Strong's: H4428
Word #: 4 of 22
a king
אֲחַשְׁוֵרוֹשׁ֙ Ahasuerus H325
אֲחַשְׁוֵרוֹשׁ֙ Ahasuerus
Strong's: H325
Word #: 5 of 22
achashverosh (i.e., ahasuerus or artaxerxes, but in this case xerxes), the title (rather than name) of a persian king
אֶסְתֵּ֖ר for Esther H635
אֶסְתֵּ֖ר for Esther
Strong's: H635
Word #: 6 of 22
ester, the jewish heroine
הַמַּלְכָּ֔ה the queen H4436
הַמַּלְכָּ֔ה the queen
Strong's: H4436
Word #: 7 of 22
a queen
אֶת H853
אֶת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 8 of 22
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
בֵּ֥ית the house H1004
בֵּ֥ית the house
Strong's: H1004
Word #: 9 of 22
a house (in the greatest variation of applications, especially family, etc.)
הָמָ֖ן of Haman H2001
הָמָ֖ן of Haman
Strong's: H2001
Word #: 10 of 22
haman, a persian vizier
צֹרֵ֣ר enemy H6887
צֹרֵ֣ר enemy
Strong's: H6887
Word #: 11 of 22
to cramp, literally or figuratively, transitive or intransitive
הַיְּהוּדִ֑יים the Jews H3064
הַיְּהוּדִ֑יים the Jews
Strong's: H3064
Word #: 12 of 22
a jehudite (i.e., judaite or jew), or descendant of jehudah (i.e., judah)
וּמָרְדֳּכַ֗י And Mordecai H4782
וּמָרְדֳּכַ֗י And Mordecai
Strong's: H4782
Word #: 13 of 22
mordecai, an israelite
בָּ֚א came H935
בָּ֚א came
Strong's: H935
Word #: 14 of 22
to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
לִפְנֵ֣י before H6440
לִפְנֵ֣י before
Strong's: H6440
Word #: 15 of 22
the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi
הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ did the king H4428
הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ did the king
Strong's: H4428
Word #: 16 of 22
a king
כִּֽי H3588
כִּֽי
Strong's: H3588
Word #: 17 of 22
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
הִגִּ֥ידָה had told H5046
הִגִּ֥ידָה had told
Strong's: H5046
Word #: 18 of 22
properly, to front, i.e., stand boldly out opposite; by implication (causatively), to manifest; figuratively, to announce (always by word of mouth to
אֶסְתֵּ֖ר for Esther H635
אֶסְתֵּ֖ר for Esther
Strong's: H635
Word #: 19 of 22
ester, the jewish heroine
מַ֥ה H4100
מַ֥ה
Strong's: H4100
Word #: 20 of 22
properly, interrogative what? (including how? why? when?); but also exclamation, what! (including how!), or indefinitely what (including whatever, and
הוּא H1931
הוּא
Strong's: H1931
Word #: 21 of 22
he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo
לָֽהּ׃ H0
לָֽהּ׃
Strong's: H0
Word #: 22 of 22

Analysis & Commentary

On that day did the king Ahasuerus give the house of Haman the Jews' enemy unto Esther the queen. And Mordecai came before the king; for Esther had told what he was unto her. Following Haman's execution, the king immediately transferred Haman's estate to Esther and summoned Mordecai. The designation "Haman the Jews' enemy" emphasizes the conflict's ethnic-religious nature. Transferring executed traitors' property to victims was common ancient practice, both punishing the criminal's family and compensating victims. Esther revealing Mordecai's relationship ("what he was unto her")—her adoptive father and guardian—explains his summons. This verse begins reversing the decree's effects: Haman is dead, his property confiscated, and Mordecai gains access to the king. Yet the larger crisis remains—the immutable decree threatening all Jews still stands.

Historical Context

Ancient Near Eastern law often confiscated executed criminals' property, redistributing it to victims or the crown. Haman's "house" included not just buildings but all property, wealth, and resources. This confiscation punished Haman's family (his wife Zeresh and ten sons) and compensated Esther. Revealing Mordecai's relationship to Esther publicly connected the honored official (chapter 6) to the queen, further elevating his status. Archaeological evidence shows Persian administrative practices included recording property transfers, making such confiscations official and legal. The same day execution and property transfer demonstrates swift ancient justice.

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