Ecclesiastes 8:11

Authorized King James Version

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Because sentence against an evil work is not executed speedily, therefore the heart of the sons of men is fully set in them to do evil.

Original Language Analysis

אֲשֶׁר֙ H834
אֲשֶׁר֙
Strong's: H834
Word #: 1 of 16
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
אֵין H369
אֵין
Strong's: H369
Word #: 2 of 16
a nonentity; generally used as a negative particle
לַעֲשׂ֥וֹת in them to do H6213
לַעֲשׂ֥וֹת in them to do
Strong's: H6213
Word #: 3 of 16
to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
פִתְגָ֔ם Because sentence H6599
פִתְגָ֔ם Because sentence
Strong's: H6599
Word #: 4 of 16
a (judicial) sentence
מַעֲשֵׂ֥ה work H4639
מַעֲשֵׂ֥ה work
Strong's: H4639
Word #: 5 of 16
an action (good or bad); generally, a transaction; abstractly, activity; by implication, a product (specifically, a poem) or (generally) property
רָֽע׃ against an evil H7451
רָֽע׃ against an evil
Strong's: H7451
Word #: 6 of 16
bad or (as noun) evil (natural or moral)
מְהֵרָ֑ה speedily H4120
מְהֵרָ֑ה speedily
Strong's: H4120
Word #: 7 of 16
properly, a hurry; hence (adverbially) promptly
עַל H5921
עַל
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 8 of 16
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
כֵּ֡ן H3651
כֵּ֡ן
Strong's: H3651
Word #: 9 of 16
properly, set upright; hence (figuratively as adjective) just; but usually (as adverb or conjunction) rightly or so (in various applications to manner
מָלֵ֞א is fully set H4390
מָלֵ֞א is fully set
Strong's: H4390
Word #: 10 of 16
to fill or (intransitively) be full of, in a wide application (literally and figuratively)
לֵ֧ב therefore the heart H3820
לֵ֧ב therefore the heart
Strong's: H3820
Word #: 11 of 16
the heart; also used (figuratively) very widely for the feelings, the will and even the intellect; likewise for the center of anything
בְּֽנֵי of the sons H1121
בְּֽנֵי of the sons
Strong's: H1121
Word #: 12 of 16
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
הָאָדָ֛ם of men H120
הָאָדָ֛ם of men
Strong's: H120
Word #: 13 of 16
ruddy i.e., a human being (an individual or the species, mankind, etc.)
בָּהֶ֖ם H0
בָּהֶ֖ם
Strong's: H0
Word #: 14 of 16
לַעֲשׂ֥וֹת in them to do H6213
לַעֲשׂ֥וֹת in them to do
Strong's: H6213
Word #: 15 of 16
to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
רָֽע׃ against an evil H7451
רָֽע׃ against an evil
Strong's: H7451
Word #: 16 of 16
bad or (as noun) evil (natural or moral)

Analysis & Commentary

Because sentence against an evil work is not executed speedily—the Hebrew 'pitgam' (פִּתְגָם, sentence) refers to judicial verdict, while 'maher' (מַהֵר, speedily) means quickly or promptly. God's judgment often delays, creating a gap between sin and consequence. This divine forbearance, intended to produce repentance (Romans 2:4), paradoxically emboldens sinners.

The heart of the sons of men is fully set in them to do evil—the phrase 'male libam bahem' (מָלֵא לִבָּם בָּהֶם, fully set) indicates complete resolve and determination. Delayed judgment doesn't produce grateful repentance but presumptuous wickedness. Humans interpret divine patience as divine indifference or impotence. This verse diagnoses a fatal misreading of providence: God's patience isn't approval but opportunity for repentance before inevitable judgment (2 Peter 3:9-10).

Historical Context

Israel's history demonstrates this pattern repeatedly: extended periods of covenant unfaithfulness preceded judgment (the 400-year delay before Egyptian exodus judgment; the centuries between Israel's founding and exile). Prophets warned that delayed judgment didn't mean cancelled judgment (Habakkuk 2:3; Ezekiel 12:21-28). In Solomon's era, prosperity created complacency—people assumed God's blessing indicated approval despite increasing idolatry (1 Kings 11). The New Testament confirms this principle: scoffers in the last days will mock God's promised judgment precisely because it has delayed (2 Peter 3:3-4). Church history shows the same: extended periods without visible divine intervention produce spiritual presumption rather than grateful faithfulness.

Questions for Reflection