Deuteronomy 20:15

Authorized King James Version

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Thus shalt thou do unto all the cities which are very far off from thee, which are not of the cities of these nations.

Original Language Analysis

כֵּ֤ן H3651
כֵּ֤ן
Strong's: H3651
Word #: 1 of 13
properly, set upright; hence (figuratively as adjective) just; but usually (as adverb or conjunction) rightly or so (in various applications to manner
תַּֽעֲשֶׂה֙ Thus shalt thou do H6213
תַּֽעֲשֶׂה֙ Thus shalt thou do
Strong's: H6213
Word #: 2 of 13
to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
לְכָל H3605
לְכָל
Strong's: H3605
Word #: 3 of 13
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
מֵעָרֵ֥י are not of the cities H5892
מֵעָרֵ֥י are not of the cities
Strong's: H5892
Word #: 4 of 13
a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post)
הָֽרְחֹקֹ֥ת far off H7350
הָֽרְחֹקֹ֥ת far off
Strong's: H7350
Word #: 5 of 13
remote, literally or figuratively, of place or time; specifically, precious; often used adverbially (with preposition)
מִמְּךָ֖ H4480
מִמְּךָ֖
Strong's: H4480
Word #: 6 of 13
properly, a part of; hence (prepositionally), from or out of in many senses
מְאֹ֑ד which are very H3966
מְאֹ֑ד which are very
Strong's: H3966
Word #: 7 of 13
properly, vehemence, i.e., (with or without preposition) vehemently; by implication, wholly, speedily, etc. (often with other words as an intensive or
אֲשֶׁ֛ר H834
אֲשֶׁ֛ר
Strong's: H834
Word #: 8 of 13
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
לֹֽא H3808
לֹֽא
Strong's: H3808
Word #: 9 of 13
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
מֵעָרֵ֥י are not of the cities H5892
מֵעָרֵ֥י are not of the cities
Strong's: H5892
Word #: 10 of 13
a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post)
הַגּֽוֹיִם of these nations H1471
הַגּֽוֹיִם of these nations
Strong's: H1471
Word #: 11 of 13
a foreign nation; hence, a gentile; also (figuratively) a troop of animals, or a flight of locusts
הָאֵ֖לֶּה H428
הָאֵ֖לֶּה
Strong's: H428
Word #: 12 of 13
these or those
הֵֽנָּה׃ from thee which H2007
הֵֽנָּה׃ from thee which
Strong's: H2007
Word #: 13 of 13
themselves (often used emphatic for the copula, also in indirect relation)

Analysis & Commentary

Thus shalt thou do unto all the cities which are very far off from thee, which are not of the cities of these nations—This verse distinguishes warfare categories: very far off (distant, non-Canaanite) versus these nations (the seven Canaanite peoples, Deuteronomy 7:1). Distant cities receive peace offers and mercy if they surrender; Canaanite cities face total herem (next verses) because their proximity threatens Israel's covenant fidelity through idolatrous influence.

Proximity determines danger—not ethnicity but spiritual contagion risk. Paul warns: Evil communications corrupt good manners (1 Corinthians 15:33). The principle applies spiritually: Come out from among them, and be ye separate (2 Corinthians 6:17). We engage distant culture (missions, evangelism) but guard against intimate spiritual compromise (close fellowship with unbelief). Jesus ate with sinners (evangelism) but didn't adopt their practices (sanctification).

Historical Context

Israel's geographical position between Egypt and Mesopotamia meant frequent interaction with distant empires (Assyria, Babylon, Persia). God's law permitted peaceful relations with distant nations while requiring complete separation from neighboring Canaanites whose religious practices posed immediate, daily temptation.

Questions for Reflection

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