Daniel 9:12

Authorized King James Version

And he hath confirmed his words, which he spake against us, and against our judges that judged us, by bringing upon us a great evil: for under the whole heaven hath not been done as hath been done upon Jerusalem.

Word-by-Word Analysis

וַיָּ֜קֶם

H6965

And he hath confirmed

to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative)

אֶת

H853

properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)

דְּבָר֣יוֹ׀

H1697

his words

a word; by implication, a matter (as spoken of) or thing; adverbially, a cause

אֲשֶׁר

H834

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

דִּבֶּ֣ר

H1696

which he spake

perhaps properly, to arrange; but used figuratively (of words), to speak; rarely (in a destructive sense) to subdue

עָלֵ֗ינוּ

H5921

above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications

וְעַ֤ל

H5921

above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications

שְׁפָט֔וּנוּ

H8199

against us and against our judges

to judge, i.e., pronounce sentence (for or against); by implication, to vindicate or punish; by extenssion, to govern; passively, to litigate (literal

אֲשֶׁ֣ר

H834

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

#10

שְׁפָט֔וּנוּ

H8199

against us and against our judges

to judge, i.e., pronounce sentence (for or against); by implication, to vindicate or punish; by extenssion, to govern; passively, to litigate (literal

#11

לְהָבִ֥יא

H935

us by bringing

to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)

#12

עָלֵ֖ינוּ

H5921

above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications

#13

רָעָ֣ה

H7451

evil

bad or (as noun) evil (natural or moral)

#14

גְדֹלָ֑ה

H1419

upon us a great

great (in any sense); hence, older; also insolent

#15

אֲשֶׁ֣ר

H834

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

#16

לֹֽא

H3808

not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles

#17

נֶעֶשְׂתָ֖ה

H6213

as hath been done

to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application

#18

תַּ֚חַת

H8478

the bottom (as depressed); only adverbially, below (often with prepositional prefix underneath), in lieu of, etc

#19

כָּל

H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

#20

הַשָּׁמַ֔יִם

H8064

for under the whole heaven

the sky (as aloft; the dual perhaps alluding to the visible arch in which the clouds move, as well as to the higher ether where the celestial bodies r

#21

כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר

H834

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

#22

נֶעֶשְׂתָ֖ה

H6213

as hath been done

to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application

#23

בִּירוּשָׁלִָֽם׃

H3389

upon Jerusalem

jerushalaim or jerushalem, the capital city of palestine

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to Daniel. The concept of divine revelation reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of the literary conventions and historical circumstances of biblical literature shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of salvation within the theological tradition of Daniel Understanding the ancient worldview that shaped the author's theological expression helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes divine revelation in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

In what ways does understanding divine revelation in its original context challenge or deepen contemporary Christian thinking about salvation?
How does the salvation theme in this verse connect to the overarching narrative of Scripture, and what does this reveal about God's character and purposes?
What systematic theological implications arise from this verse's treatment of salvation, and how does it contribute to a biblical theology of soteriology and the doctrine of salvation?

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