Amos 3:9

Authorized King James Version

Publish in the palaces at Ashdod, and in the palaces in the land of Egypt, and say, Assemble yourselves upon the mountains of Samaria, and behold the great tumults in the midst thereof, and the oppressed in the midst thereof.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
הַשְׁמִ֙יעוּ֙
Publish
to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to tell, etc.)
#2
עַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#3
אַרְמְנ֖וֹת
and in the palaces
a citadel (from its height)
#4
בְּאַשְׁדּ֔וֹד
at Ashdod
ashdod, a place in palestine
#5
וְעַֽל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#6
אַרְמְנ֖וֹת
and in the palaces
a citadel (from its height)
#7
בְּאֶ֣רֶץ
in the land
the earth (at large, or partitively a land)
#8
מִצְרָ֑יִם
of Egypt
mitsrajim, i.e., upper and lower egypt
#9
וְאִמְר֗וּ
and say
to say (used with great latitude)
#10
הֵאָֽסְפוּ֙
Assemble
to gather for any purpose; hence, to receive, take away, i.e., remove (destroy, leave behind, put up, restore, etc.)
#11
עַל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#12
הָרֵ֣י
yourselves upon the mountains
a mountain or range of hills (sometimes used figuratively)
#13
שֹׁמְר֔וֹן
of Samaria
shomeron, a place in palestine
#14
וּרְא֞וּ
and behold
to see, literally or figuratively (in numerous applications, direct and implied, transitive, intransitive and causative)
#15
מְהוּמֹ֤ת
tumults
confusion or uproar
#16
רַבּוֹת֙
the great
abundant (in quantity, size, age, number, rank, quality)
#17
בְּתוֹכָ֔הּ
in the midst
a bisection, i.e., (by implication) the center
#18
וַעֲשׁוּקִ֖ים
thereof and the oppressed
used in plural masculine as abstractly, tyranny
#19
בְּקִרְבָּֽהּ׃
in the midst
properly, the nearest part, i.e., the center, whether literal, figurative or adverbial (especially with preposition)

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine revelation contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection