Acts 8:1
And Saul was consenting unto his death. And at that time there was a great persecution against the church which was at Jerusalem; and they were all scattered abroad throughout the regions of Judaea and Samaria, except the apostles.
Original Language Analysis
συνευδοκῶν
consenting
G4909
συνευδοκῶν
consenting
Strong's:
G4909
Word #:
4 of 34
to think well of in common, i.e., assent to, feel gratified with
τῶν
which
G3588
τῶν
which
Strong's:
G3588
Word #:
5 of 34
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
αὐτοῦ
unto his
G846
αὐτοῦ
unto his
Strong's:
G846
Word #:
7 of 34
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
Ἐγένετο
there was
G1096
Ἐγένετο
there was
Strong's:
G1096
Word #:
8 of 34
to cause to be ("gen"-erate), i.e., (reflexively) to become (come into being), used with great latitude (literal, figurative, intensive, etc.)
ἐκείνῃ
that
G1565
ἐκείνῃ
that
Strong's:
G1565
Word #:
11 of 34
that one (or (neuter) thing); often intensified by the article prefixed
τῶν
which
G3588
τῶν
which
Strong's:
G3588
Word #:
12 of 34
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
ἡμέρᾳ
time
G2250
ἡμέρᾳ
time
Strong's:
G2250
Word #:
13 of 34
day, i.e., (literally) the time space between dawn and dark, or the whole 24 hours (but several days were usually reckoned by the jews as inclusive of
μέγας
a great
G3173
μέγας
a great
Strong's:
G3173
Word #:
15 of 34
big (literally or figuratively, in a very wide application)
ἐπὶ
against
G1909
ἐπὶ
against
Strong's:
G1909
Word #:
16 of 34
properly, meaning superimposition (of time, place, order, etc.), as a relation of distribution (with the genitive case), i.e., over, upon, etc.; of re
τῶν
which
G3588
τῶν
which
Strong's:
G3588
Word #:
17 of 34
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
ἐκκλησίαν
the church
G1577
ἐκκλησίαν
the church
Strong's:
G1577
Word #:
18 of 34
a calling out, i.e., (concretely) a popular meeting, especially a religious congregation (jewish synagogue, or christian community of members on earth
τῶν
which
G3588
τῶν
which
Strong's:
G3588
Word #:
19 of 34
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
Ἱεροσολύμοις
Jerusalem
G2414
Ἱεροσολύμοις
Jerusalem
Strong's:
G2414
Word #:
21 of 34
hierosolyma (i.e., jerushalaim), the capitol of palestine
διεσπάρησαν
scattered abroad
G1289
διεσπάρησαν
scattered abroad
Strong's:
G1289
Word #:
24 of 34
to sow throughout, i.e., (figuratively) distribute in foreign lands
κατὰ
throughout
G2596
κατὰ
throughout
Strong's:
G2596
Word #:
25 of 34
(prepositionally) down (in place or time), in varied relations (according to the case (genitive, dative or accusative) with which it is joined)
τῶν
which
G3588
τῶν
which
Strong's:
G3588
Word #:
26 of 34
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
χώρας
the regions
G5561
χώρας
the regions
Strong's:
G5561
Word #:
27 of 34
room, i.e., a space of territory (more or less extensive; often including its inhabitants)
τῶν
which
G3588
τῶν
which
Strong's:
G3588
Word #:
28 of 34
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
Ἰουδαίας
of Judaea
G2449
Ἰουδαίας
of Judaea
Strong's:
G2449
Word #:
29 of 34
the judaean land (i.e., judaea), a region of palestine
καὶ
and
G2532
καὶ
and
Strong's:
G2532
Word #:
30 of 34
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
Σαμαρείας
Samaria
G4540
Σαμαρείας
Samaria
Strong's:
G4540
Word #:
31 of 34
samaria (i.e., shomeron), a city and region of palestine
πλὴν
except
G4133
πλὴν
except
Strong's:
G4133
Word #:
32 of 34
moreover (besides), i.e., albeit, save that, rather, yet
Cross References
Acts 7:58And cast him out of the city, and stoned him: and the witnesses laid down their clothes at a young man's feet, whose name was Saul.Acts 22:20And when the blood of thy martyr Stephen was shed, I also was standing by, and consenting unto his death, and kept the raiment of them that slew him.Acts 1:8But ye shall receive power, after that the Holy Ghost is come upon you: and ye shall be witnesses unto me both in Jerusalem, and in all Judaea, and in Samaria, and unto the uttermost part of the earth.Acts 5:40And to him they agreed: and when they had called the apostles, and beaten them, they commanded that they should not speak in the name of Jesus, and let them go.Acts 5:33When they heard that, they were cut to the heart, and took counsel to slay them.Acts 8:14Now when the apostles which were at Jerusalem heard that Samaria had received the word of God, they sent unto them Peter and John:Acts 8:4Therefore they that were scattered abroad went every where preaching the word.Acts 9:31Then had the churches rest throughout all Judaea and Galilee and Samaria, and were edified; and walking in the fear of the Lord, and in the comfort of the Holy Ghost, were multiplied.John 15:20Remember the word that I said unto you, The servant is not greater than his lord. If they have persecuted me, they will also persecute you; if they have kept my saying, they will keep your's also.
Historical Context
This persecution began circa AD 33-35, shortly after Pentecost. The scattering into Judea and Samaria was the first major geographical expansion of the church beyond Jerusalem's 3,000-5,000 believers.
Questions for Reflection
- How does God use persecution and suffering to accomplish His purposes?
- Why did the apostles remain in Jerusalem while others scattered?
- What does this teach about God's sovereignty over human opposition to His gospel?
Related Resources
Explore related topics, people, and study resources to deepen your understanding of this passage.
Analysis & Commentary
Saul's consenting to Stephen's death reveals his complicity in the first Christian martyrdom, setting the stage for his dramatic conversion. The 'great persecution' scattered believers 'except the apostles' - showing God's providence in spreading the gospel beyond Jerusalem. What Satan meant for evil (persecution), God used for good (gospel advancement). Reformed theology sees God's sovereignty over human evil: persecution accomplishes God's purposes despite persecutors' intentions. The church's scattering fulfilled Jesus' commission to be witnesses 'in Judaea, and in Samaria' (Acts 1:8).