Acts 23:9

Authorized King James Version

And there arose a great cry: and the scribes that were of the Pharisees' part arose, and strove, saying, We find no evil in this man: but if a spirit or an angel hath spoken to him, let us not fight against God.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
ἐγένετο
there arose
to cause to be ("gen"-erate), i.e., (reflexively) to become (come into being), used with great latitude (literal, figurative, intensive, etc.)
#2
δὲ
And
but, and, etc
#3
κραυγὴ
cry
an outcry (in notification, tumult or grief)
#4
μεγάλη
a great
big (literally or figuratively, in a very wide application)
#5
καὶ
and
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#6
ἀναστάντες
arose
to stand up (literal or figurative, transitive or intransitive)
#7
οἱ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#8
γραμματεῖς
the scribes
a professional writer
#9
τοῦ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#10
μέρους
part
a division or share (literally or figuratively, in a wide application)
#11
τῶν
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#12
Φαρισαίων
that were of the Pharisees
a separatist, i.e., exclusively religious; a pharisean, i.e., jewish sectary
#13
διεμάχοντο
and strove
to fight fiercely (in altercation)
#14
λέγοντες
saying
properly, to "lay" forth, i.e., (figuratively) relate (in words (usually of systematic or set discourse; whereas g2036 and g5346 generally refer to an
#15
Οὐδὲν
no
not even one (man, woman or thing), i.e., none, nobody, nothing
#16
κακὸν
evil
worthless (intrinsically, such; whereas g4190 properly refers to effects), i.e., (subjectively) depraved, or (objectively) injurious
#17
εὑρίσκομεν
We find
to find (literally or figuratively)
#18
ἐν
in
"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc
#19
τῷ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#20
ἀνθρώπῳ
man
man-faced, i.e., a human being
#21
τούτῳ·
this
to (in, with or by) this (person or thing)
#22
εἰ
if
if, whether, that, etc
#23
δὲ
And
but, and, etc
#24
πνεῦμα
a spirit
a current of air, i.e., breath (blast) or a breeze; by analogy or figuratively, a spirit, i.e., (human) the rational soul, (by implication) vital prin
#25
ἐλάλησεν
hath spoken
to talk, i.e., utter words
#26
αὐτῷ
to him
the reflexive pronoun self, used (alone or in the comparative g1438) of the third person, and (with the proper personal pronoun) of the other persons
#27
or
disjunctive, or; comparative, than
#28
ἄγγελος
G32
an angel
compare g0034) (to bring tidings); a messenger; especially an "angel"; by implication, a pastor
#29
μὴ
not
(adverb) not, (conjunction) lest; also (as an interrogative implying a negative answer (whereas g3756 expects an affirmative one)) whether
#30
θεομαχωμεν
fight
to resist deity

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine sovereignty contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of the literary conventions and historical circumstances of biblical literature shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of salvation within the theological tradition of Acts Understanding the ancient worldview that shaped the author's theological expression helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes divine sovereignty in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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