Acts 23:8

Authorized King James Version

For the Sadducees say that there is no resurrection, neither angel, nor spirit: but the Pharisees confess both.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
Σαδδουκαῖοι
the Sadducees
a sadducaean (i.e., tsadokian), or follower of a certain heretical israelite
#2
μὲν
properly, indicative of affirmation or concession (in fact); usually followed by a contrasted clause with g1161 (this one, the former, etc.)
#3
γὰρ
For
properly, assigning a reason (used in argument, explanation or intensification; often with other particles)
#4
λέγουσιν
say
properly, to "lay" forth, i.e., (figuratively) relate (in words (usually of systematic or set discourse; whereas g2036 and g5346 generally refer to an
#5
μὴ
no
(adverb) not, (conjunction) lest; also (as an interrogative implying a negative answer (whereas g3756 expects an affirmative one)) whether
#6
εἶναι
that there is
to exist
#7
ἀνάστασιν
resurrection
a standing up again, i.e., (literally) a resurrection from death (individual, genitive case or by implication, (its author)), or (figuratively) a (mor
#8
μηδὲ
neither
but not, not even; in a continued negation, nor
#9
ἄγγελον
G32
angel
compare g0034) (to bring tidings); a messenger; especially an "angel"; by implication, a pastor
#10
μήτε
nor
not too, i.e., (in continued negation) neither or nor; also, not even
#11
πνεῦμα
spirit
a current of air, i.e., breath (blast) or a breeze; by analogy or figuratively, a spirit, i.e., (human) the rational soul, (by implication) vital prin
#12
Φαρισαῖοι
the Pharisees
a separatist, i.e., exclusively religious; a pharisean, i.e., jewish sectary
#13
δὲ
but
but, and, etc
#14
ὁμολογοῦσιν
confess
to assent, i.e., covenant, acknowledge
#15
τὰ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#16
ἀμφότερα
both
(in plural) both

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine revelation contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of the literary conventions and historical circumstances of biblical literature shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of salvation within the theological tradition of Acts Understanding the ancient worldview that shaped the author's theological expression helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes divine revelation in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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