Romans 11:5
A focused desk for reading, commentary, cross-references, original language notes, and your own observations.
Romans 11:5
5 Even so then at this present time also there is a remnant according to the election of grace.
Chapter Context
Romans 11 is a theological epistle chapter in the New Testament that explores themes of worship, discipleship, grace. Written during Paul's third missionary journey (c. 57 CE), this chapter should be understood within its historical context: Christians in Rome navigated tensions between Jewish and Gentile believers under imperial watch.
The chapter can be divided into several sections:
- Verses 1-5: Introduction and setting the context
- Verses 6-12: Development of key themes
- Verses 13-20: Central message and teachings
- Verses 21-36: Conclusion and application
This chapter is significant because it contributes to the biblical metanarrative of redemption. When studying this passage, it's important to consider both its immediate context within Romans and its broader place in the scriptural canon.
Verse Study
Romans 11:5
5 Even so then at this present time also there is a remnant according to the election of grace.
Analysis
Even so then at this present time also there is a remnant—leimma (λεῖμμα) means a remainder or residue, used in the LXX for survivors of judgment. Paul draws a direct parallel: houtōs oun (οὕτως οὖν, "just so, therefore") connects Elijah's era to his own. The remnant exists kata eklogen charitos (κατ᾽ ἐκλογὴν χάριτος), according to the election of grace. The preposition kata indicates the standard or basis—grace-based election, not works or merit.
The word eklogen (ἐκλογήν, "election") appears throughout Romans 9-11 as the doctrine of divine choice. This remnant is not a human achievement but a divine gift. Paul identifies himself as part of this remnant (v. 1), along with thousands of other Jewish believers in Jerusalem (Acts 21:20). The remnant theology prevents both despair ("Israel has completely failed") and presumption ("ethnic descent guarantees salvation"). Grace alone elects; grace alone preserves.
Historical Context
The early church was overwhelmingly Jewish for its first decade. Even in Paul's era (50s-60s AD), tens of thousands of Jews believed in Jesus as Messiah. The remnant was substantial, though a minority within Judaism. This challenges later Christian assumptions that first-century Jews en masse rejected Christ.
Reflection
- How does the doctrine of election by grace alone provide both humility and assurance regarding salvation?
- What is the difference between a remnant theology and a belief that the church has replaced Israel entirely?
- How does recognizing that you are part of a 'remnant' affect your sense of responsibility and mission?
Word Studies
- Grace: χάρις (Charis) G5485 - Grace, favor
Cross-References
- Parallel theme: Romans 9:11, 9:27, 11:28