Leviticus 18:20
A focused desk for reading, commentary, cross-references, original language notes, and your own observations.
Leviticus 18:20
20 Moreover thou shalt not lie carnally with thy neighbour's wife, to defile thyself with her.
Chapter Context
Leviticus 18 is a legal and ritual chapter in the Old Testament that explores themes of judgment, holiness, salvation. Written during Israel's wilderness period (c. 1446-1406 BCE), this chapter should be understood within its historical context: The ritual systems addressed were designed to distinguish Israel from surrounding Canaanite practices.
The chapter can be divided into several sections:
- Verses 1-5: Introduction and setting the context
- Verses 6-12: Development of key themes
- Verses 13-20: Central message and teachings
- Verses 21-30: Conclusion and application
This chapter is significant because it establishes important theological principles that resonate throughout Scripture. When studying this passage, it's important to consider both its immediate context within Leviticus and its broader place in the scriptural canon.
Verse Study
Leviticus 18:20
20 Moreover thou shalt not lie carnally with thy neighbour's wife, to defile thyself with her.
Analysis
Moreover thou shalt not lie carnally with thy neighbour's wife, to defile thyself with her.
This verse falls within the section on Unlawful Sexual Relations. Prohibitions against various sexual sins, distinguishing Israel from Canaanite practices and protecting family sanctity.
The holiness demanded in Leviticus becomes possible through Christ, who both satisfies God's righteous requirements and transforms believers by His Spirit.
Historical Context
Prohibitions against various sexual sins, distinguishing Israel from Canaanite practices and protecting family sanctity. Chapters 17-27, often called the 'Holiness Code,' expand covenant obligations beyond ritual to encompass all of life—sexuality, economics, justice, and relationships. The repeated refrain 'I am the LORD' grounds these laws in God's character and covenant relationship with Israel. Israel received these laws while encamped at Sinai, before entering Canaan. The laws prepared them for life in the promised land, distinguishing them from Canaanite practices and establishing their identity as God's holy nation. The portable tabernacle, central to Levitical worship, accompanied them through wilderness wanderings and eventually found permanent form in Solomon's temple. Ancient texts like the Code of Hammurabi show that law codes were common in the ancient Near East, but biblical law uniquely grounded ethics in God's character rather than merely social convention.
Reflection
- How does this verse point to Christ, and how does that deepen your faith and gratitude?
- In what ways does this verse challenge contemporary cultural values or your personal attitudes?
- How can you use this verse to worship God more fully, obey Him more faithfully, or love others more sacrificially?
Cross-References
- Parallel theme: Leviticus 20:10, Exodus 20:14, Deuteronomy 5:18, 1 Corinthians 6:9, Hebrews 13:4