Zechariah 7:14

Authorized King James Version

But I scattered them with a whirlwind among all the nations whom they knew not. Thus the land was desolate after them, that no man passed through nor returned: for they laid the pleasant land desolate.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וְאֵ֣סָעֲרֵ֗ם
But I scattered them with a whirlwind
to rush upon; by implication, to toss (transitive or intransitive, literal or figurative)
#2
עַ֤ל
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
#3
כָּל
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
#4
הַגּוֹיִם֙
among all the nations
a foreign nation; hence, a gentile; also (figuratively) a troop of animals, or a flight of locusts
#5
אֲשֶׁ֣ר
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
#6
לֹֽא
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
#7
יְדָע֔וּם
whom they knew
to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including o
#8
אֶֽרֶץ
land
the earth (at large, or partitively a land)
#9
נָשַׁ֣מָּה
desolate
ruin; by implication, consternation
#10
אַֽחֲרֵיהֶ֔ם
after
properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various senses)
#11
מֵֽעֹבֵ֖ר
them that no man passed through
to cross over; used very widely of any transition (literal or figurative; transitive, intransitive, intensive, causative); specifically, to cover (in
#12
וּמִשָּׁ֑ב
nor returned
to turn back (hence, away) transitively or intransitively, literally or figuratively (not necessarily with the idea of return to the starting point);
#13
וַיָּשִׂ֥ימוּ
for they laid
to put (used in a great variety of applications, literal, figurative, inferentially, and elliptically)
#14
אֶֽרֶץ
land
the earth (at large, or partitively a land)
#15
חֶמְדָּ֖ה
the pleasant
delight
#16
לְשַׁמָּֽה׃
was desolate
to stun (or intransitively, grow numb), i.e., devastate or (figuratively) stupefy (both usually in a passive sense)

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing covenant community contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

The historical context of the biblical period relevant to this book's composition provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The historical and cultural milieu of the biblical world informed the author's theological expression and the audience's understanding. The the cultural context of the biblical world would have shaped how the original audience understood covenant community. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Archaeological discoveries continue to illuminate the historical context of biblical texts.

Questions for Reflection