Romans 13:11

Authorized King James Version

And that, knowing the time, that now it is high time to awake out of sleep: for now is our salvation nearer than when we believed.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
Καὶ
And
and, also, even, so then, too, etc.; often used in connection (or composition) with other particles or small words
#2
τοῦτο
that
that thing
#3
εἰδότες
knowing
used only in certain past tenses, the others being borrowed from the equivalent g3700 and g3708; properly, to see (literally or figuratively); by impl
#4
τὸν
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#5
καιρόν
the time
an occasion, i.e., set or proper time
#6
ὅτι
that
demonstrative, that (sometimes redundant); causative, because
#7
ὥρα
it is high time
an "hour" (literally or figuratively)
#8
ἡμᾶς
to awake
us
#9
ἤδη
now
even now
#10
ἐξ
out of
a primary preposition denoting origin (the point whence action or motion proceeds), from, out (of place, time, or cause literal or figurative; direct
#11
ὕπνου
sleep
sleep, i.e., (figuratively) spiritual torpor
#12
ἐγερθῆναι
to waken (transitively or intransitively), i.e., rouse (literally, from sleep, from sitting or lying, from disease, from death; or figuratively, from
#13
νῦν
now
"now" (as adverb of date, a transition or emphasis); also as noun or adjective present or immediate
#14
γὰρ
for
properly, assigning a reason (used in argument, explanation or intensification; often with other particles)
#15
ἐγγύτερον
nearer
nearer
#16
ἡμῶν
is our
of (or from) us
#17
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#18
σωτηρία
salvation
rescue or safety (physically or morally)
#19
than
disjunctive, or; comparative, than
#20
ὅτε
when
at which (thing) too, i.e., when
#21
ἐπιστεύσαμεν
we believed
to have faith (in, upon, or with respect to, a person or thing), i.e., credit; by implication, to entrust (especially one's spiritual well-being to ch

Analysis

This verse develops the faith and obedience theme central to Romans. The concept of salvation reflects the development of faith and obedience within biblical theology. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to systematic theological exposition of the gospel, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes soteria in Greek or yeshua in Hebrew, indicating deliverance and wholeness, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the cosmopolitan capital of the Roman Empire with diverse populations. The author writes to address a mixed congregation of Jewish and Gentile believers in the imperial capital, making the emphasis on faith and obedience particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show rescue narratives from ancient literature that would resonate with the audience, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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