Romans 13:10

Authorized King James Version

Love worketh no ill to his neighbour: therefore love is the fulfilling of the law.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#2
ἀγάπη
G26
Love
love, i.e., affection or benevolence; specially (plural) a love-feast
#3
τῷ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#4
πλησίον
to his neighbour
(adverbially) close by; as noun, a neighbor, i.e., fellow (as man, countryman, christian or friend)
#5
κακὸν
ill
worthless (intrinsically, such; whereas g4190 properly refers to effects), i.e., (subjectively) depraved, or (objectively) injurious
#6
οὐκ
no
the absolute negative (compare g3361) adverb; no or not
#7
ἐργάζεται·
worketh
to toil (as a task, occupation, etc.), (by implication) effect, be engaged in or with, etc
#8
πλήρωμα
is the fulfilling
repletion or completion, i.e., (subjectively) what fills (as contents, supplement, copiousness, multitude), or (objectively) what is filled (as contai
#9
οὖν
therefore
(adverbially) certainly, or (conjunctionally) accordingly
#10
νόμου
of the law
law (through the idea of prescriptive usage), genitive case (regulation), specially, (of moses (including the volume); also of the gospel), or figurat
#11
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#12
ἀγάπη
G26
Love
love, i.e., affection or benevolence; specially (plural) a love-feast

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing love fundamental to theology proper, revealing God's essential nature and character and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of Hellenistic epistolary literature with sophisticated theological argumentation shapes this text's meaning. Paul's systematic presentation built upon centuries of Jewish understanding about righteousness and divine justice Understanding a worldview shaped by both Jewish monotheism and Greco-Roman philosophical thought helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes love in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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