Ecclesiastes 9:10

Authorized King James Version

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Whatsoever thy hand findeth to do, do it with thy might; for there is no work, nor device, nor knowledge, nor wisdom, in the grave, whither thou goest.

Original Language Analysis

כֹּ֠ל H3605
כֹּ֠ל
Strong's: H3605
Word #: 1 of 18
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
אֲשֶׁ֨ר H834
אֲשֶׁ֨ר
Strong's: H834
Word #: 2 of 18
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
תִּמְצָ֧א findeth H4672
תִּמְצָ֧א findeth
Strong's: H4672
Word #: 3 of 18
properly, to come forth to, i.e., appear or exist; transitively, to attain, i.e., find or acquire; figuratively, to occur, meet or be present
יָֽדְךָ֛ Whatsoever thy hand H3027
יָֽדְךָ֛ Whatsoever thy hand
Strong's: H3027
Word #: 4 of 18
a hand (the open one [indicating power, means, direction, etc.], in distinction from h3709, the closed one); used (as noun, adverb, etc.) in a great v
עֲשֵׂ֑ה do H6213
עֲשֵׂ֑ה do
Strong's: H6213
Word #: 5 of 18
to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
בְּכֹחֲךָ֖ it with thy might H3581
בְּכֹחֲךָ֖ it with thy might
Strong's: H3581
Word #: 6 of 18
vigor, literally (force, in a good or a bad sense) or figuratively (capacity, means, produce)
עֲשֵׂ֑ה do H6213
עֲשֵׂ֑ה do
Strong's: H6213
Word #: 7 of 18
to do or make, in the broadest sense and widest application
כִּי֩ H3588
כִּי֩
Strong's: H3588
Word #: 8 of 18
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
אֵ֨ין H369
אֵ֨ין
Strong's: H369
Word #: 9 of 18
a nonentity; generally used as a negative particle
מַעֲשֶׂ֤ה for there is no work H4639
מַעֲשֶׂ֤ה for there is no work
Strong's: H4639
Word #: 10 of 18
an action (good or bad); generally, a transaction; abstractly, activity; by implication, a product (specifically, a poem) or (generally) property
וְחֶשְׁבּוֹן֙ nor device H2808
וְחֶשְׁבּוֹן֙ nor device
Strong's: H2808
Word #: 11 of 18
properly, contrivance; by implication, intelligence
וְדַ֣עַת nor knowledge H1847
וְדַ֣עַת nor knowledge
Strong's: H1847
Word #: 12 of 18
knowledge
וְחָכְמָ֔ה nor wisdom H2451
וְחָכְמָ֔ה nor wisdom
Strong's: H2451
Word #: 13 of 18
wisdom (in a good sense)
בִּשְׁא֕וֹל in the grave H7585
בִּשְׁא֕וֹל in the grave
Strong's: H7585
Word #: 14 of 18
hades or the world of the dead (as if a subterranean retreat), including its accessories and inmates
אֲשֶׁ֥ר H834
אֲשֶׁ֥ר
Strong's: H834
Word #: 15 of 18
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
אַתָּ֖ה H859
אַתָּ֖ה
Strong's: H859
Word #: 16 of 18
thou and thee, or (plural) ye and you
הֹלֵ֥ךְ whither thou goest H1980
הֹלֵ֥ךְ whither thou goest
Strong's: H1980
Word #: 17 of 18
to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)
שָֽׁמָּה׃ H8033
שָֽׁמָּה׃
Strong's: H8033
Word #: 18 of 18
there (transferring to time) then; often thither, or thence

Analysis & Commentary

The Preacher urges action: 'Whatsoever thy hand findeth to do, do it with thy might; for there is no work, nor device, nor knowledge, nor wisdom, in the grave, whither thou goest.' The imperative 'do it with thy might' (be-kol kochakha aseyhu, בְּכָל־כֹּחֲךָ עֲשֵׂהוּ) calls for wholehearted effort while opportunity exists. The rationale: death ends earthly activity—'no work... in the grave' (Sheol, שְׁאוֹל). This verse doesn't contradict earlier observations about vanity but urges diligence despite life's brevity. The combination of realism (life is short, death is certain) and activism (therefore work diligently now) characterizes biblical wisdom. Paul similarly urged: 'work out your salvation... for it is God which worketh in you' (Philippians 2:12-13). The verse teaches that mortality should inspire diligent faithfulness, not passive resignation.

Historical Context

Ancient Israelite understanding of Sheol pictured it as shadowy existence where active service ceased (Job 3:17-19; Psalm 88:10-12). Only later revelation clarified resurrection and eternal reward (Daniel 12:2-3). Yet even with limited eschatology, the Preacher urges vigorous engagement with present opportunities. This anticipates Jesus's parable of the talents: faithfully use what God provides during this life (Matthew 25:14-30). Paul's urgency about gospel proclamation reflected similar conviction: limited time demands diligent effort (2 Timothy 4:2). The Reformers emphasized vocation—whatever your calling, pursue it wholeheartedly as service to God. The Puritans coined the phrase 'redeeming the time' (Ephesians 5:16), emphasizing diligent use of life's brief opportunity.

Questions for Reflection

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