Romans 12:8

Authorized King James Version

Or he that exhorteth, on exhortation: he that giveth, let him do it with simplicity; he that ruleth, with diligence; he that sheweth mercy, with cheerfulness.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
εἴτε
Or
if too
#2
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#3
παρακαλῶν
he that exhorteth
to call near, i.e., invite, invoke (by imploration, hortation or consolation)
#4
ἐν
let him do it with
"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc
#5
τῇ
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#6
παρακλήσει·
exhortation
imploration, hortation, solace
#7
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#8
μεταδιδοὺς
he that giveth
to give over, i.e., share
#9
ἐν
let him do it with
"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc
#10
ἁπλότητι
simplicity
singleness, i.e., (subjectively) sincerity (without dissimulation or self-seeking), or (objectively) generosity (copious bestowal)
#11
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#12
προϊστάμενος
he that ruleth
to stand before, i.e., (in rank) to preside, or (by implication) to practise
#13
ἐν
let him do it with
"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc
#14
σπουδῇ
diligence
"speed", i.e., (by implication) despatch, eagerness, earnestness
#15
the (sometimes to be supplied, at others omitted, in english idiom)
#16
ἐλεῶν
he that sheweth mercy
to compassionate (by word or deed, specially, by divine grace)
#17
ἐν
let him do it with
"in," at, (up-)on, by, etc
#18
ἱλαρότητι
cheerfulness
alacrity

Analysis

Within the broader context of Romans, this passage highlights salvation through declarative statements that establish theological truth. The theological weight of mercy connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about mercy, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Romans.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the cosmopolitan capital of the Roman Empire with diverse populations. The author writes to address a mixed congregation of Jewish and Gentile believers in the imperial capital, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

Related Resources

Explore related topics, people, and study resources to deepen your understanding of this passage.

Topics