Psalms 9:5

Authorized King James Version

Thou hast rebuked the heathen, thou hast destroyed the wicked, thou hast put out their name for ever and ever.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
גָּעַ֣רְתָּ
Thou hast rebuked
to chide
#2
ג֭וֹיִם
the heathen
a foreign nation; hence, a gentile; also (figuratively) a troop of animals, or a flight of locusts
#3
אִבַּ֣דְתָּ
H6
thou hast destroyed
properly, to wander away, i.e., lose oneself; by implication to perish (causative, destroy)
#4
רָשָׁ֑ע
the wicked
morally wrong; concretely, an (actively) bad person
#5
שְׁמָ֥ם
their name
an appellation, as a mark or memorial of individuality; by implication honor, authority, character
#6
מָ֝חִ֗יתָ
thou hast put out
properly, to stroke or rub; by implication, to erase; also to smooth (as if with oil), i.e., grease or make fat
#7
לְעוֹלָ֥ם
for ever
properly, concealed, i.e., the vanishing point; generally, time out of mind (past or future), i.e., (practically) eternity; frequentatively, adverbial
#8
וָעֶֽד׃
and ever
properly, a (peremptory) terminus, i.e., (by implication) duration, in the sense of advance or perpetuity (substantially as a noun, either with or wit

Analysis

This verse develops the worship and praise theme central to Psalms. The concept of divine revelation reflects the proper human response to God's character and works. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to worship literature expressing the full range of human experience before God, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The historical context of the monarchic period, particularly David's reign (c. 1000-970 BCE) provides crucial background for understanding this verse. The Israelite monarchy with its temple worship, court life, and constant military threats created the liturgical and emotional context for these prayers and praises. The ancient Israelite worship practices and court culture would have shaped how the original audience understood divine revelation. Archaeological and historical evidence reveals Temple archaeology and ancient musical instruments illuminate the liturgical context of Israelite worship.

Questions for Reflection