Psalms 68:8
The earth shook, the heavens also dropped at the presence of God: even Sinai itself was moved at the presence of God, the God of Israel.
Original Language Analysis
רָעָ֨שָׁה׀
shook
H7493
רָעָ֨שָׁה׀
shook
Strong's:
H7493
Word #:
2 of 13
to undulate (as the earth, the sky, etc.; also a field of grain), particularly through fear; specifically, to spring (as a locust)
אַף
H637
אַף
Strong's:
H637
Word #:
3 of 13
meaning accession (used as an adverb or conjunction); also or yea; adversatively though
שָׁמַ֣יִם
the heavens
H8064
שָׁמַ֣יִם
the heavens
Strong's:
H8064
Word #:
4 of 13
the sky (as aloft; the dual perhaps alluding to the visible arch in which the clouds move, as well as to the higher ether where the celestial bodies r
נָטְפוּ֮
also dropped
H5197
נָטְפוּ֮
also dropped
Strong's:
H5197
Word #:
5 of 13
to ooze, i.e., distil gradually; by implication, to fall in drops; figuratively, to speak by inspiration
מִפְּנֵ֥י
at the presence
H6440
מִפְּנֵ֥י
at the presence
Strong's:
H6440
Word #:
6 of 13
the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi
אֱלֹהֵ֥י
of God
H430
אֱלֹהֵ֥י
of God
Strong's:
H430
Word #:
7 of 13
gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of
מִפְּנֵ֥י
at the presence
H6440
מִפְּנֵ֥י
at the presence
Strong's:
H6440
Word #:
10 of 13
the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi
אֱלֹהֵ֥י
of God
H430
אֱלֹהֵ֥י
of God
Strong's:
H430
Word #:
11 of 13
gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of
Cross References
Exodus 19:18And mount Sinai was altogether on a smoke, because the LORD descended upon it in fire: and the smoke thereof ascended as the smoke of a furnace, and the whole mount quaked greatly.Exodus 19:16And it came to pass on the third day in the morning, that there were thunders and lightnings, and a thick cloud upon the mount, and the voice of the trumpet exceeding loud; so that all the people that was in the camp trembled.Isaiah 45:3And I will give thee the treasures of darkness, and hidden riches of secret places, that thou mayest know that I, the LORD, which call thee by thy name, am the God of Israel.Psalms 77:18The voice of thy thunder was in the heaven: the lightnings lightened the world: the earth trembled and shook.Psalms 41:13Blessed be the LORD God of Israel from everlasting, and to everlasting. Amen, and Amen.Psalms 68:35O God, thou art terrible out of thy holy places: the God of Israel is he that giveth strength and power unto his people. Blessed be God.Hebrews 12:26Whose voice then shook the earth: but now he hath promised, saying, Yet once more I shake not the earth only, but also heaven.Psalms 114:7Tremble, thou earth, at the presence of the Lord, at the presence of the God of Jacob;
Historical Context
Mount Sinai's theophany (Exodus 19-20) was Israel's foundational religious experience, confirming God's power, holiness, and covenant commitment. This event established the Torah as divine revelation, not mere human wisdom.
Questions for Reflection
- How should the awesome display of God's power at Sinai shape your approach to worship and Scripture?
- What does it mean that mountains 'melt' before God—how does this speak to His authority over all creation?
- In what ways does reverent fear enhance rather than diminish joy in God's presence?
Analysis & Commentary
The theophany at Sinai—earth shaking, heavens dropping rain—demonstrates God's transcendent power breaking into creation. 'The earth shook' (Exodus 19:18) and 'the heavens also dropped' recalls provision of manna and water. 'Sinai itself was moved' emphasizes that even the mountain, symbol of permanence, trembles before God's presence. This revelation established the covenant and gave the law, marking Israel as God's people. The physical manifestations authenticated divine presence and commanded reverent fear.