Isaiah 45:3

Authorized King James Version

And I will give thee the treasures of darkness, and hidden riches of secret places, that thou mayest know that I, the LORD, which call thee by thy name, am the God of Israel.

Word-by-Word Analysis

וְנָתַתִּ֤י

H5414

And I will give

to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)

לְךָ֙

אוֹצְר֣וֹת

H214

thee the treasures

a depository

חֹ֔שֶׁךְ

H2822

of darkness

the dark; hence (literally) darkness; figuratively, misery, destruction, death, ignorance, sorrow, wickedness

וּמַטְמֻנֵ֖י

H4301

and hidden riches

a secret storehouse; hence, a secreted valuable (buried); generally money

מִסְתָּרִ֑ים

H4565

of secret places

properly, a concealer, i.e., a covert

לְמַ֣עַן

H4616

properly, heed, i.e., purpose; used only adverbially, on account of (as a motive or an aim), teleologically, in order that

תֵּדַ֗ע

H3045

that thou mayest know

to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including o

כִּֽי

H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

#10

אֲנִ֧י

H589

#11

יְהוָ֛ה

H3068

that I the LORD

(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god

#12

הַקּוֹרֵ֥א

H7121

which call

to call out to (i.e., properly, address by name, but used in a wide variety of applications)

#13

בְשִׁמְךָ֖

H8034

thee by thy name

an appellation, as a mark or memorial of individuality; by implication honor, authority, character

#14

אֱלֹהֵ֥י

H430

am the God

gods in the ordinary sense; but specifically used (in the plural thus, especially with the article) of the supreme god; occasionally applied by way of

#15

יִשְׂרָאֵֽל׃

H3478

of Israel

he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to Isaiah. The concept of divine sovereignty reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The divine name or title here functions within biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness to establish theological authority and covenantal relationship. The original language emphasizes the covenant name Yahweh, emphasizing God's faithfulness to His promises, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of the literary conventions and historical circumstances of biblical literature shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of salvation within the theological tradition of Isaiah Understanding the ancient worldview that shaped the author's theological expression helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes divine sovereignty in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

How does the salvation theme in this verse connect to the overarching narrative of Scripture, and what does this reveal about God's character and purposes?
In what ways does this verse's emphasis on divine sovereignty address religious pluralism and questions about the necessity of Christ, and how should the church respond?
In what ways does understanding divine sovereignty in its original context challenge or deepen contemporary Christian thinking about salvation?

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