Psalms 58:1

Authorized King James Version

Do ye indeed speak righteousness, O congregation? do ye judge uprightly, O ye sons of men?

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
הַֽאֻמְנָ֗ם
Do ye indeed
truly
#2
אֵ֣לֶם
O congregation
silence (i.e., mute justice)
#3
צֶ֭דֶק
righteousness
the right (natural, moral or legal); also (abstractly) equity or (figuratively) prosperity
#4
תְּדַבֵּר֑וּן
speak
perhaps properly, to arrange; but used figuratively (of words), to speak; rarely (in a destructive sense) to subdue
#5
מֵישָׁרִ֥ים
uprightly
evenness, i.e., (figuratively) prosperity or concord; also straightness, i.e., (figuratively) rectitude (only in plural with singular sense; often adv
#6
תִּ֝שְׁפְּט֗וּ
do ye judge
to judge, i.e., pronounce sentence (for or against); by implication, to vindicate or punish; by extenssion, to govern; passively, to litigate (literal
#7
בְּנֵ֣י
O ye sons
a son (as a builder of the family name), in the widest sense (of literal and figurative relationship, including grandson, subject, nation, quality or
#8
אָדָֽם׃
of men
ruddy i.e., a human being (an individual or the species, mankind, etc.)

Analysis

This verse develops the worship and praise theme central to Psalms. The concept of righteousness reflects the proper human response to God's character and works. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to worship literature expressing the full range of human experience before God, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of ancient Near Eastern poetry and hymnic literature for worship shapes this text's meaning. Israel's liturgical traditions developed through centuries of temple worship and personal devotion Understanding a worldview centered on covenant relationship between God and His people helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes righteousness in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection