Psalms 44:9

Authorized King James Version

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But thou hast cast off, and put us to shame; and goest not forth with our armies.

Original Language Analysis

אַף But H637
אַף But
Strong's: H637
Word #: 1 of 6
meaning accession (used as an adverb or conjunction); also or yea; adversatively though
זָ֭נַחְתָּ thou hast cast off H2186
זָ֭נַחְתָּ thou hast cast off
Strong's: H2186
Word #: 2 of 6
reject, forsake, fail
וַתַּכְלִימֵ֑נוּ and put us to shame H3637
וַתַּכְלִימֵ֑נוּ and put us to shame
Strong's: H3637
Word #: 3 of 6
properly, to wound; but only figuratively, to taunt or insult
וְלֹא H3808
וְלֹא
Strong's: H3808
Word #: 4 of 6
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
תֵ֝צֵ֗א and goest not forth H3318
תֵ֝צֵ֗א and goest not forth
Strong's: H3318
Word #: 5 of 6
to go (causatively, bring) out, in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively, direct and proxim
בְּצִבְאוֹתֵֽינוּ׃ with our armies H6635
בְּצִבְאוֹתֵֽינוּ׃ with our armies
Strong's: H6635
Word #: 6 of 6
a mass of persons (or figuratively, things), especially reg. organized for war (an army); by implication, a campaign, literally or figuratively (speci

Analysis & Commentary

The dramatic shift: 'But thou hast cast off, and put us to shame.' The Hebrew zanach (cast off) suggests rejection, abandonment--the opposite of covenant faithfulness. 'Goest not forth with our armies' indicates God has withdrawn His presence from battle. Without divine warrior leading them, Israel faces inevitable defeat.

Historical Context

This lament likely responds to a specific military defeat, possibly during the Babylonian crisis or earlier national humiliations. The contrast between remembered victories and present defeat creates theological crisis.

Questions for Reflection