Psalms 40:9

Authorized King James Version

PDF

I have preached righteousness in the great congregation: lo, I have not refrained my lips, O LORD, thou knowest.

Original Language Analysis

בִּשַּׂ֤רְתִּי I have preached H1319
בִּשַּׂ֤רְתִּי I have preached
Strong's: H1319
Word #: 1 of 11
properly, to be fresh, i.e., full (rosy, figuratively cheerful); to announce (glad news)
צֶ֨דֶק׀ righteousness H6664
צֶ֨דֶק׀ righteousness
Strong's: H6664
Word #: 2 of 11
the right (natural, moral or legal); also (abstractly) equity or (figuratively) prosperity
בְּקָ֘הָ֤ל congregation H6951
בְּקָ֘הָ֤ל congregation
Strong's: H6951
Word #: 3 of 11
assemblage (usually concretely)
רָ֗ב in the great H7227
רָ֗ב in the great
Strong's: H7227
Word #: 4 of 11
abundant (in quantity, size, age, number, rank, quality)
הִנֵּ֣ה H2009
הִנֵּ֣ה
Strong's: H2009
Word #: 5 of 11
lo!
שְׂ֭פָתַי my lips H8193
שְׂ֭פָתַי my lips
Strong's: H8193
Word #: 6 of 11
the lip (as a natural boundary); by implication, language; by analogy, a margin (of a vessel, water, cloth, etc.)
לֹ֣א H3808
לֹ֣א
Strong's: H3808
Word #: 7 of 11
not (the simple or abs. negation); by implication, no; often used with other particles
אֶכְלָ֑א lo I have not refrained H3607
אֶכְלָ֑א lo I have not refrained
Strong's: H3607
Word #: 8 of 11
to restrict, by act (hold back or in) or word (prohibit)
יְ֝הוָ֗ה O LORD H3068
יְ֝הוָ֗ה O LORD
Strong's: H3068
Word #: 9 of 11
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
אַתָּ֥ה H859
אַתָּ֥ה
Strong's: H859
Word #: 10 of 11
thou and thee, or (plural) ye and you
יָדָֽעְתָּ׃ thou knowest H3045
יָדָֽעְתָּ׃ thou knowest
Strong's: H3045
Word #: 11 of 11
to know (properly, to ascertain by seeing); used in a great variety of senses, figuratively, literally, euphemistically and inferentially (including o

Analysis & Commentary

David declares his proclamation of 'righteousness in the great congregation.' The Hebrew tzedaqah (righteousness) refers to God's covenant faithfulness and saving acts. The 'great congregation' (qahal rav) indicates public worship where testimony strengthens corporate faith. David's refrain 'I have not refrained my lips' emphasizes bold, unashamed witness.

Historical Context

Temple worship included public testimony of God's deliverance. This pattern of corporate witness shaped Israel's identity and later influenced early Christian practice of sharing testimonies in gathered assemblies.

Questions for Reflection