Psalms 144:4

Authorized King James Version

Man is like to vanity: his days are as a shadow that passeth away.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
אָ֭דָם
Man
ruddy i.e., a human being (an individual or the species, mankind, etc.)
#2
לַהֶ֣בֶל
to vanity
emptiness or vanity; figuratively, something transitory and unsatisfactory; often used as an adverb
#3
דָּמָ֑ה
is like
to compare; by implication, to resemble, liken, consider
#4
יָ֝מָ֗יו
his days
a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an asso
#5
כְּצֵ֣ל
are as a shadow
shade, whether literal or figurative
#6
עוֹבֵֽר׃
that passeth away
to cross over; used very widely of any transition (literal or figurative; transitive, intransitive, intensive, causative); specifically, to cover (in

Analysis

This verse develops the worship and praise theme central to Psalms. The concept of divine revelation reflects the proper human response to God's character and works. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to worship literature expressing the full range of human experience before God, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the Israelite monarchy with its court politics and military conflicts. The author writes to address worshipers in the temple and those seeking God in times of distress, making the emphasis on worship and praise particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection