Psalms 142:2

Authorized King James Version

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I poured out my complaint before him; I shewed before him my trouble.

Original Language Analysis

אֶשְׁפֹּ֣ךְ I poured out H8210
אֶשְׁפֹּ֣ךְ I poured out
Strong's: H8210
Word #: 1 of 6
to spill forth (blood, a libation, liquid metal; or even a solid, i.e., to mound up); also (figuratively) to expend (life, soul, complaint, money, etc
לְפָנָ֥יו before H6440
לְפָנָ֥יו before
Strong's: H6440
Word #: 2 of 6
the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi
שִׂיחִ֑י my complaint H7879
שִׂיחִ֑י my complaint
Strong's: H7879
Word #: 3 of 6
a contemplation; by implication, an utterance
צָ֝רָתִ֗י him my trouble H6869
צָ֝רָתִ֗י him my trouble
Strong's: H6869
Word #: 4 of 6
transitively, a female rival
לְפָנָ֥יו before H6440
לְפָנָ֥יו before
Strong's: H6440
Word #: 5 of 6
the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi
אַגִּֽיד׃ him I shewed H5046
אַגִּֽיד׃ him I shewed
Strong's: H5046
Word #: 6 of 6
properly, to front, i.e., stand boldly out opposite; by implication (causatively), to manifest; figuratively, to announce (always by word of mouth to

Analysis & Commentary

I poured out my complaint before him; I shewed before him my trouble. The Hebrew verb shaphak (שָׁפַךְ), translated "poured out," conveys unrestrained emotional expression—literally to pour out like water. David holds nothing back before God, modeling honest prayer that doesn't hide distress behind pious platitudes. The parallel structure—"poured out my complaint" (siach, שִׂיחַ) and "shewed...my trouble" (tsarah, צָרָה)—emphasizes complete transparency.

This verse assumes a foundational truth: God welcomes raw honesty. The Psalms consistently demonstrate that authentic lament is not unbelief but deep faith—trusting God enough to bring our worst moments before Him. Siach (complaint) doesn't mean sinful grumbling but rather a meditation or concern poured out in prayer. Tsarah (trouble) denotes distress, anguish, or adversity that overwhelms.

The repetition "before him...before him" underscores that prayer's audience matters supremely. David doesn't merely vent his emotions into the void or rehearse grievances to others; he brings everything directly to God. This anticipates Hebrews 4:16's invitation to "come boldly unto the throne of grace" and Philippians 4:6's command to make requests known to God through prayer with thanksgiving.

Historical Context

Psalm 142 is a Maschil (instructional psalm) of David, superscripted "when he was in the cave"—likely either the cave of Adullam (1 Samuel 22:1) when fleeing Saul, or the cave in the wilderness of En-gedi (1 Samuel 24:1-3). Both contexts involved isolation, mortal danger, and dependence on God alone. Archaeological discoveries show these caves were substantial hideouts where David and his men could shelter while hunted. In this desperate context, David's prayer becomes a model for believers facing isolation and persecution.

Questions for Reflection