Psalms 139:20

Authorized King James Version

For they speak against thee wickedly, and thine enemies take thy name in vain.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
אֲשֶׁ֣ר
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
#2
יֹ֭מְרוּךָ
For they speak
to say (used with great latitude)
#3
לִמְזִמָּ֑ה
against thee wickedly
a plan, usually evil (machination), sometimes good (sagacity)
#4
נָשׂ֖וּא
take
to lift, in a great variety of applications, literal and figurative, absolute and relative
#5
לַשָּׁ֣וְא
thy name in vain
evil (as destructive), literally (ruin) or morally (especially guile); figuratively idolatry (as false, subjective), uselessness (as deceptive, object
#6
עָרֶֽיךָ׃
and thine enemies
a foe (as watchful for mischief)

Analysis

The worship and praise theme here intersects with the broader canonical witness to God's character and purposes. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of progressive revelation that finds its culmination in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine revelation contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's consistent character and purposes.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of ancient Near Eastern poetry and hymnic literature for worship shapes this text's meaning. Israel's liturgical traditions developed through centuries of temple worship and personal devotion Understanding a worldview centered on covenant relationship between God and His people helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes divine revelation in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection