Psalms 139:13

For thou hast possessed my reins: thou hast covered me in my mother's womb.

Word-by-Word Analysis

כִּֽי

H3588

(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed

אַ֭תָּה

H859

thou and thee, or (plural) ye and you

קָנִ֣יתָ

H7069

For thou hast possessed

to erect, i.e., create; by extension, to procure, especially by purchase (causatively, sell); by implication to own

כִלְיֹתָ֑י

H3629

my reins

a kidney (as an essential organ); figuratively, the mind (as the interior self)

תְּ֝סֻכֵּ֗נִי

H5526

thou hast covered

properly, to entwine as a screen; by implication, to fence in, cover over, (figuratively) protect

בְּבֶ֣טֶן

H990

womb

the belly, especially the womb; also the bosom or body of anything

אִמִּֽי׃

H517

me in my mother's

a mother (as the bond of the family); in a wide sense (both literally and figuratively [like father])

Analysis

This verse develops the worship and praise theme central to Psalms. The concept of divine revelation reflects the proper human response to God's character and works. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to worship literature expressing the full range of human experience before God, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of ancient Near Eastern poetry and hymnic literature for worship shapes this text's meaning. Israel's liturgical traditions developed through centuries of temple worship and personal devotion Understanding a worldview centered on covenant relationship between God and His people helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes divine revelation in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

How does the worship and praise theme in this verse connect to the overarching narrative of Scripture, and what does this reveal about God's character and purposes?
What practical applications emerge from understanding worship and praise as presented in this verse, particularly in light of contemporary challenges facing the church and individual believers?
How does this passage contribute to our understanding of the progressive revelation of God's purposes throughout Scripture, and what implications does this have for Christian discipleship?