Psalms Chapter 119 · Verse 113

Authorized King James Version

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I hate vain thoughts: but thy law do I love.

Original Language Analysis

סֵעֲפִ֥ים vain thoughts H5588
סֵעֲפִ֥ים vain thoughts
Strong's: H5588
Word #: 1 of 4
divided (in mind), i.e., (concretely) a skeptic
שָׂנֵ֑אתִי SAMECH I hate H8130
שָׂנֵ֑אתִי SAMECH I hate
Strong's: H8130
Word #: 2 of 4
to hate (personally)
וְֽתוֹרָתְךָ֥ but thy law H8451
וְֽתוֹרָתְךָ֥ but thy law
Strong's: H8451
Word #: 3 of 4
a precept or statute, especially the decalogue or pentateuch
אָהָֽבְתִּי׃ do I love H157
אָהָֽבְתִּי׃ do I love
Strong's: H157
Word #: 4 of 4
to have affection for (sexually or otherwise)

Analysis & Commentary

I hate vain thoughts (סֵעֲפִים שָׂנֵאתִי, se'afim saneti)—the word se'afim appears only here, meaning divided opinions, doubts, half-hearted loyalties. The LXX translates it paranomous (lawless ones). The psalmist hates (sane, strong aversion) mental double-mindedness. James warns: A double-minded man is unstable in all his ways (James 1:8).

The contrast: but thy law do I love (וְתוֹרָתְךָ אָהָבְתִּי, vetoraткha ahavti). Hate and love are not mere emotions but covenant terms of rejection and election. Elijah challenged Israel: How long halt ye between two opinions? (1 Kings 18:21). Jesus demanded: No man can serve two masters (Matt 6:24). This verse calls for radical singularity of devotion—expelling divided loyalties and loving God's word exclusively. The Shema declares this: Love the LORD thy God with all thine heart (Deut 6:5)—no room for vain thoughts.

Historical Context

Israel constantly struggled with syncretism—mixing Yahweh worship with Canaanite practices. The prophets repeatedly condemned this double-mindedness. For the psalmist, intellectual and emotional purity required hating divided loyalties and loving Torah exclusively.

Questions for Reflection