Proverbs 23:21

Authorized King James Version

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For the drunkard and the glutton shall come to poverty: and drowsiness shall clothe a man with rags.

Original Language Analysis

כִּי H3588
כִּי
Strong's: H3588
Word #: 1 of 7
(by implication) very widely used as a relative conjunction or adverb (as below); often largely modified by other particles annexed
סֹבֵ֣א For the drunkard H5433
סֹבֵ֣א For the drunkard
Strong's: H5433
Word #: 2 of 7
to quaff to satiety, i.e., become tipsy
וְ֭זוֹלֵל and the glutton H2151
וְ֭זוֹלֵל and the glutton
Strong's: H2151
Word #: 3 of 7
figuratively, to be loose morally, worthless or prodigal
יִוָּרֵ֑שׁ shall come to poverty H3423
יִוָּרֵ֑שׁ shall come to poverty
Strong's: H3423
Word #: 4 of 7
to occupy (by driving out previous tenants, and possessing in their place); by implication, to seize, to rob, to inherit; also to expel, to impoverish
וּ֝קְרָעִ֗ים a man with rags H7168
וּ֝קְרָעִ֗ים a man with rags
Strong's: H7168
Word #: 5 of 7
a rag
תַּלְבִּ֥ישׁ shall clothe H3847
תַּלְבִּ֥ישׁ shall clothe
Strong's: H3847
Word #: 6 of 7
properly, wrap around, i.e., (by implication) to put on a garment or clothe (oneself, or another), literally or figuratively
נוּמָֽה׃ and drowsiness H5124
נוּמָֽה׃ and drowsiness
Strong's: H5124
Word #: 7 of 7
sleepiness

Analysis & Commentary

Drunkards and gluttons 'shall come to poverty'—excessive indulgence produces economic ruin. 'Drowsiness' (stupor from overconsumption) leads to wearing 'rags' (poverty's marker). This continues the warning from verse 20 by describing consequences. Those who pursue pleasure squander resources and neglect productive work, inevitably ending in want. The principle extends beyond literal drunkenness to any form of excess that prioritizes gratification over stewardship. Self-control is a fruit of the Spirit; lack of it demonstrates carnality. Believers must practice moderation in all things, stewarding resources wisely and avoiding enslavement to appetites. Discipline yourself or reap discipline's consequences.

Historical Context

Ancient societies recognized that chronic drunkenness and gluttony led to poverty. Despite modern wealth insulating some from immediate consequences, the principle remains: indulgence produces dysfunction.

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