Numbers 6:23
Speak unto Aaron and unto his sons, saying, On this wise ye shall bless the children of Israel, saying unto them,
Original Language Analysis
Cross References
Historical Context
Numbers 6:23 appears within the wilderness period legislation, following instructions about Nazirite vows and preceding the tribal offerings at the tabernacle's dedication (approximately 1446-1406 BC). The Aaronic priesthood had recently been established following the Exodus and Sinai covenant. Ancient Near Eastern cultures widely practiced priestly blessings, but Israel's benediction was unique in being divinely prescribed word-for-word rather than left to human creativity. The blessing was pronounced regularly in tabernacle and later temple worship, becoming central to Jewish liturgy. Evidence from the Ketef Hinnom archaeological discovery (7th century BC) shows the Aaronic benediction inscribed on silver amulets, demonstrating its early and widespread use in Israel. The blessing continued in synagogue worship and remains central to Jewish liturgy today.
Questions for Reflection
- How does God's prescription of exact blessing words demonstrate the importance of biblical fidelity in worship?
- What does the priestly role as channel (not source) of blessing teach about Christian ministry today?
- How does the Aaronic benediction's threefold structure reflect Trinitarian theology?
- In what ways does this passage anticipate Christ's high priestly ministry of blessing His people?
- How should we balance liturgical precision with authentic, heartfelt worship in our churches?
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Analysis & Commentary
This verse introduces the Aaronic benediction, commanding Aaron and his sons to pronounce blessing upon Israel. The Hebrew verb 'barak' (בָּרַךְ, 'bless') signifies more than mere well-wishing—it conveys empowerment, enrichment, and divine favor actively bestowed. God Himself prescribes the precise words and manner of blessing, demonstrating that true blessing flows from divine authority, not human invention. The phrase 'On this wise' establishes the exact formula that follows in verses 24-26, emphasizing liturgical precision in worship. This divine authorization transforms priestly words into channels of God's actual blessing—the priests speak, but God blesses. The benediction's threefold structure (verses 24-26) corresponds to the Trinity and represents complete, comprehensive blessing. This verse establishes the principle that God mediates blessing through appointed representatives, foreshadowing Christ our High Priest who blesses all who come to the Father through Him (Hebrews 7:25).