Numbers 6:20

Authorized King James Version

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And the priest shall wave them for a wave offering before the LORD: this is holy for the priest, with the wave breast and heave shoulder: and after that the Nazarite may drink wine.

Original Language Analysis

וְהֵנִיף֩ shall wave H5130
וְהֵנִיף֩ shall wave
Strong's: H5130
Word #: 1 of 19
to quiver (i.e., vibrate up and down, or rock to and fro); used in a great variety of applications (including sprinkling, beckoning, rubbing, bastinad
אוֹתָ֨ם H853
אוֹתָ֨ם
Strong's: H853
Word #: 2 of 19
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
לַכֹּהֵ֔ן And the priest H3548
לַכֹּהֵ֔ן And the priest
Strong's: H3548
Word #: 3 of 19
literally one officiating, a priest; also (by courtesy) an acting priest (although a layman)
הַתְּנוּפָ֔ה them for a wave offering H8573
הַתְּנוּפָ֔ה them for a wave offering
Strong's: H8573
Word #: 4 of 19
a brandishing (in threat); by implication, tumult; specifically, the official undulation of sacrificial offerings
לִפְנֵ֣י before H6440
לִפְנֵ֣י before
Strong's: H6440
Word #: 5 of 19
the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi
יְהוָה֒ the LORD H3068
יְהוָה֒ the LORD
Strong's: H3068
Word #: 6 of 19
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
קֹ֤דֶשׁ this is holy H6944
קֹ֤דֶשׁ this is holy
Strong's: H6944
Word #: 7 of 19
a sacred place or thing; rarely abstract, sanctity
הוּא֙ H1931
הוּא֙
Strong's: H1931
Word #: 8 of 19
he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo
לַכֹּהֵ֔ן And the priest H3548
לַכֹּהֵ֔ן And the priest
Strong's: H3548
Word #: 9 of 19
literally one officiating, a priest; also (by courtesy) an acting priest (although a layman)
עַ֚ל H5921
עַ֚ל
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 10 of 19
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
חֲזֵ֣ה breast H2373
חֲזֵ֣ה breast
Strong's: H2373
Word #: 11 of 19
the breast (as most seen in front)
הַתְּנוּפָ֔ה them for a wave offering H8573
הַתְּנוּפָ֔ה them for a wave offering
Strong's: H8573
Word #: 12 of 19
a brandishing (in threat); by implication, tumult; specifically, the official undulation of sacrificial offerings
וְעַ֖ל H5921
וְעַ֖ל
Strong's: H5921
Word #: 13 of 19
above, over, upon, or against (yet always in this last relation with a downward aspect) in a great variety of applications
שׁ֣וֹק shoulder H7785
שׁ֣וֹק shoulder
Strong's: H7785
Word #: 14 of 19
the (lower) leg (as a runner)
הַתְּרוּמָ֑ה and heave H8641
הַתְּרוּמָ֑ה and heave
Strong's: H8641
Word #: 15 of 19
a present (as offered up), especially in sacrifice or as tribute
וְאַחַ֛ר and after H310
וְאַחַ֛ר and after
Strong's: H310
Word #: 16 of 19
properly, the hind part; generally used as an adverb or conjunction, after (in various senses)
יִשְׁתֶּ֥ה may drink H8354
יִשְׁתֶּ֥ה may drink
Strong's: H8354
Word #: 17 of 19
to imbibe (literally or figuratively)
הַנָּזִ֖יר that the Nazarite H5139
הַנָּזִ֖יר that the Nazarite
Strong's: H5139
Word #: 18 of 19
separate, i.e., consecrated (as prince, a nazirite); hence (figuratively from the latter) an unpruned vine (like an unshorn nazirite)
יָֽיִן׃ wine H3196
יָֽיִן׃ wine
Strong's: H3196
Word #: 19 of 19
wine (as fermented); by implication, intoxication

Analysis & Commentary

The wave offering ritual, where the priest waved portions before the LORD, symbolized presenting offerings to God and receiving them back for priestly consumption. This represented fellowship between God and worshiper through the mediating priest. After this ceremony, the Nazirite was released to drink wine, demonstrating that the vow's restrictions were temporary, not permanent. This teaches that special seasons of consecration serve specific purposes but need not become permanent burdens. Christian liberty allows for temporary restrictions undertaken voluntarily for spiritual purposes.

Historical Context

The wave offering involved the priest placing hands under the worshiper's hands and moving the offering in a ceremonial motion, symbolizing presentation to God. Portions were then consumed by the priests, showing that God's servants were sustained by offerings brought by the people. The Nazirite's freedom to drink wine after the ceremony marked full restoration to normal life, having completed the vow faithfully. This prevented the vow from becoming a burden and showed its voluntary, temporary nature.

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