Numbers 21:33

Authorized King James Version

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And they turned and went up by the way of Bashan: and Og the king of Bashan went out against them, he, and all his people, to the battle at Edrei.

Original Language Analysis

וַיִּפְנוּ֙ And they turned H6437
וַיִּפְנוּ֙ And they turned
Strong's: H6437
Word #: 1 of 14
to turn; by implication, to face, i.e., appear, look, etc
וַֽיַּעֲל֔וּ and went up H5927
וַֽיַּעֲל֔וּ and went up
Strong's: H5927
Word #: 2 of 14
to ascend, intransitively (be high) or actively (mount); used in a great variety of senses, primary and secondary, literal and figurative
דֶּ֖רֶךְ by the way H1870
דֶּ֖רֶךְ by the way
Strong's: H1870
Word #: 3 of 14
a road (as trodden); figuratively, a course of life or mode of action, often adverb
הַבָּשָׁ֨ן of Bashan H1316
הַבָּשָׁ֨ן of Bashan
Strong's: H1316
Word #: 4 of 14
bashan (often with the article), a region east of the jordan
וַיֵּצֵ֣א went out H3318
וַיֵּצֵ֣א went out
Strong's: H3318
Word #: 5 of 14
to go (causatively, bring) out, in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively, direct and proxim
עוֹג֩ and Og H5747
עוֹג֩ and Og
Strong's: H5747
Word #: 6 of 14
og, a king of bashan
מֶֽלֶךְ the king H4428
מֶֽלֶךְ the king
Strong's: H4428
Word #: 7 of 14
a king
הַבָּשָׁ֨ן of Bashan H1316
הַבָּשָׁ֨ן of Bashan
Strong's: H1316
Word #: 8 of 14
bashan (often with the article), a region east of the jordan
לִקְרָאתָ֜ם against H7125
לִקְרָאתָ֜ם against
Strong's: H7125
Word #: 9 of 14
an encountering, accidental, friendly or hostile (also adverbially, opposite)
ה֧וּא H1931
ה֧וּא
Strong's: H1931
Word #: 10 of 14
he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo
וְכָל H3605
וְכָל
Strong's: H3605
Word #: 11 of 14
properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)
עַמּ֛וֹ them he and all his people H5971
עַמּ֛וֹ them he and all his people
Strong's: H5971
Word #: 12 of 14
a people (as a congregated unit); specifically, a tribe (as those of israel); hence (collectively) troops or attendants; figuratively, a flock
לַמִּלְחָמָ֖ה to the battle H4421
לַמִּלְחָמָ֖ה to the battle
Strong's: H4421
Word #: 13 of 14
a battle (i.e., the engagement); generally, war (i.e., war-fare)
אֶדְרֶֽעִי׃ at Edrei H154
אֶדְרֶֽעִי׃ at Edrei
Strong's: H154
Word #: 14 of 14
edrei, the name of two places in palestine

Analysis & Commentary

And they turned and went up by the way of Bashan: and Og the king of Bashan went out against themOg (עוֹג) was the last of the Rephaim (Deuteronomy 3:11), the giant-race that terrified the earlier generation (Numbers 13:33). He, and all his people, to the battle at Edrei (אֶדְרֶעִי, Edre'i)—Og's aggression mirrors Sihon's: both attacked Israel, both were annihilated, both became examples of God's faithfulness.

Og represents unfinished business from Kadesh-barnea—the new generation defeats the giants that paralyzed their fathers. Deuteronomy 3:1-11 expands this narrative, emphasizing Og's size and the psychological terror he should have inspired. Israel's victory over the last Rephaim king proves the wilderness generation died for unbelief, not impossible odds.

Historical Context

Bashan was fertile plateau northeast of the Sea of Galilee, famous for cattle (Psalm 22:12) and oaks (Isaiah 2:13). Edrei was one of Og's royal cities. Archaeological surveys show significant late Bronze Age occupation in this region. Og's iron bed (Deuteronomy 3:11) suggests advanced metallurgy and exceptional physical size.

Questions for Reflection

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