Joshua 13:12

Authorized King James Version

All the kingdom of Og in Bashan, which reigned in Ashtaroth and in Edrei, who remained of the remnant of the giants: for these did Moses smite, and cast them out.

Word-by-Word Analysis

כָּל

H3605

properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every (in the singular only, but often in a plural sense)

מַמְלְכ֥וּת

H4468

All the kingdom

dominion, i.e., (abstractly) the estate (rule) or (concretely) the country (realm)

עוֹג֙

H5747

of Og

og, a king of bashan

בַּבָּשָׁ֔ן

H1316

in Bashan

bashan (often with the article), a region east of the jordan

אֲשֶׁר

H834

who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc

מָלַ֥ךְ

H4427

which reigned

to reign; hence (by implication) to take counsel

בְּעַשְׁתָּר֖וֹת

H6252

in Ashtaroth

ashtaroth, the name of a sidonian deity, and of a place east of the jordan

וּבְאֶדְרֶ֑עִי

H154

and in Edrei

edrei, the name of two places in palestine

ה֤וּא

H1931

he (she or it); only expressed when emphatic or without a verb; also (intensively) self, or (especially with the article) the same; sometimes (as demo

#10

נִשְׁאַר֙

H7604

who remained

properly, to swell up, i.e., be (causatively, make) redundant

#11

מִיֶּ֣תֶר

H3499

of the remnant

properly, an overhanging, i.e., (by implication) a small rope (as hanging free)

#12

הָֽרְפָאִ֔ים

H7497

of the giants

a giant

#13

וַיַּכֵּ֥ם

H5221

smite

to strike (lightly or severely, literally or figuratively)

#14

מֹשֶׁ֖ה

H4872

for these did Moses

mosheh, the israelite lawgiver

#15

וַיֹּֽרִשֵֽׁם׃

H3423

and cast them out

to occupy (by driving out previous tenants, and possessing in their place); by implication, to seize, to rob, to inherit; also to expel, to impoverish

Analysis

This verse develops the kingdom of God theme central to Joshua. The concept of kingdom reflects the development of kingdom of God within biblical theology. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of the literary conventions and historical circumstances of biblical literature shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of kingdom of God within the theological tradition of Joshua Understanding the ancient worldview that shaped the author's theological expression helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes kingdom in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

What practical applications emerge from understanding kingdom of God as presented in this verse, particularly in light of providing hope in times of political and social upheaval?
How does this passage contribute to our understanding of from earthly theocracy through Davidic kingdom to eschatological fulfillment, and what implications does this have for Christian discipleship?
In what ways does this verse's emphasis on kingdom address the apparent delay of Christ's return and God's justice, and how should the church respond?

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