Numbers 21:3

Authorized King James Version

And the LORD hearkened to the voice of Israel, and delivered up the Canaanites; and they utterly destroyed them and their cities: and he called the name of the place Hormah.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיִּשְׁמַ֨ע
hearkened
to hear intelligently (often with implication of attention, obedience, etc.; causatively, to tell, etc.)
#2
יְהוָ֜ה
And the LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
#3
בְּק֣וֹל
to the voice
a voice or sound
#4
יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל
of Israel
he will rule as god; jisral, a symbolical name of jacob; also (typically) of his posterity
#5
וַיִּתֵּן֙
and delivered up
to give, used with greatest latitude of application (put, make, etc.)
#6
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#7
הַֽכְּנַעֲנִ֔י
the Canaanites
a kenaanite or inhabitant of kenaan; by implication, a pedlar (the canaanites standing for their neighbors the ishmaelites, who conducted mercantile c
#8
וַיַּֽחֲרֵ֥ם
and they utterly destroyed
to seclude; specifically (by a ban) to devote to religious uses (especially destruction); physical and reflexive, to be blunt as to the nose
#9
אֶתְהֶ֖ם
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#10
וְאֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#11
עָֽרֵיהֶ֑ם
them and their cities
a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post)
#12
וַיִּקְרָ֥א
and he called
to call out to (i.e., properly, address by name, but used in a wide variety of applications)
#13
שֵׁם
the name
an appellation, as a mark or memorial of individuality; by implication honor, authority, character
#14
הַמָּק֖וֹם
of the place
properly, a standing, i.e., a spot; but used widely of a locality (general or specific); also (figuratively) of a condition (of body or mind)
#15
חָרְמָֽה׃
Hormah
chormah, a place in palestine

Analysis

Within the broader context of Numbers, this passage highlights salvation through universal language and absolute statements. The theological weight of divine sovereignty connects to fundamental Christian doctrine about divine sovereignty, contributing to our understanding of God's nature and relationship with humanity. This verse contributes to the book's overall argument by building upon previous themes while advancing the overall message of Numbers.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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