Numbers 20:15

Authorized King James Version

How our fathers went down into Egypt, and we have dwelt in Egypt a long time; and the Egyptians vexed us, and our fathers:

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיֵּֽרְד֤וּ
went down
to descend (literally, to go downwards; or conventionally to a lower region, as the shore, a boundary, the enemy, etc.; or figuratively, to fall); cau
#2
וְלַֽאֲבֹתֵֽינוּ׃
H1
How our fathers
father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application
#3
מִצְרַ֖יִם
and the Egyptians
mitsrajim, i.e., upper and lower egypt
#4
וַנֵּ֥שֶׁב
and we have dwelt
properly, to sit down (specifically as judge. in ambush, in quiet); by implication, to dwell, to remain; causatively, to settle, to marry
#5
מִצְרַ֖יִם
and the Egyptians
mitsrajim, i.e., upper and lower egypt
#6
יָמִ֣ים
time
a day (as the warm hours), whether literal (from sunrise to sunset, or from one sunset to the next), or figurative (a space of time defined by an asso
#7
רַבִּ֑ים
a long
abundant (in quantity, size, age, number, rank, quality)
#8
וַיָּרֵ֥עוּ
vexed
properly, to spoil (literally, by breaking to pieces); figuratively, to make (or be) good for nothing, i.e., bad (physically, socially or morally)
#9
לָ֛נוּ
H0
#10
מִצְרַ֖יִם
and the Egyptians
mitsrajim, i.e., upper and lower egypt
#11
וְלַֽאֲבֹתֵֽינוּ׃
H1
How our fathers
father, in a literal and immediate, or figurative and remote application

Analysis

The salvation theme here intersects with the metanarrative of redemption running from Genesis to Revelation. Biblical theology recognizes this as part of a unified storyline from the promise in Genesis 3:15 to its fulfillment in Christ. The phrase emphasizing divine revelation contributes to our systematic understanding of Christian doctrine and connects to the broader scriptural witness about God's saving work from the Exodus to the cross.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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