Nehemiah 9:11

Authorized King James Version

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And thou didst divide the sea before them, so that they went through the midst of the sea on the dry land; and their persecutors thou threwest into the deeps, as a stone into the mighty waters.

Original Language Analysis

הַיָּ֖ם of the sea H3220
הַיָּ֖ם of the sea
Strong's: H3220
Word #: 1 of 15
a sea (as breaking in noisy surf) or large body of water; specifically (with the article), the mediterranean sea; sometimes a large river, or an artif
בָּקַ֣עְתָּ And thou didst divide H1234
בָּקַ֣עְתָּ And thou didst divide
Strong's: H1234
Word #: 2 of 15
to cleave; generally, to rend, break, rip or open
לִפְנֵיהֶ֔ם before H6440
לִפְנֵיהֶ֔ם before
Strong's: H6440
Word #: 3 of 15
the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi
וַיַּֽעַבְר֥וּ them so that they went through H5674
וַיַּֽעַבְר֥וּ them so that they went through
Strong's: H5674
Word #: 4 of 15
to cross over; used very widely of any transition (literal or figurative; transitive, intransitive, intensive, causative); specifically, to cover (in
בְתוֹךְ the midst H8432
בְתוֹךְ the midst
Strong's: H8432
Word #: 5 of 15
a bisection, i.e., (by implication) the center
הַיָּ֖ם of the sea H3220
הַיָּ֖ם of the sea
Strong's: H3220
Word #: 6 of 15
a sea (as breaking in noisy surf) or large body of water; specifically (with the article), the mediterranean sea; sometimes a large river, or an artif
בַּיַּבָּשָׁ֑ה on the dry land H3004
בַּיַּבָּשָׁ֑ה on the dry land
Strong's: H3004
Word #: 7 of 15
dry ground
וְֽאֶת H853
וְֽאֶת
Strong's: H853
Word #: 8 of 15
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
רֹ֨דְפֵיהֶ֜ם and their persecutors H7291
רֹ֨דְפֵיהֶ֜ם and their persecutors
Strong's: H7291
Word #: 9 of 15
to run after (usually with hostile intent; figuratively [of time] gone by)
הִשְׁלַ֧כְתָּ thou threwest H7993
הִשְׁלַ֧כְתָּ thou threwest
Strong's: H7993
Word #: 10 of 15
to throw out, down or away (literally or figuratively)
בִמְצוֹלֹ֛ת into the deeps H4688
בִמְצוֹלֹ֛ת into the deeps
Strong's: H4688
Word #: 11 of 15
a deep place (of water or mud)
כְּמוֹ H3644
כְּמוֹ
Strong's: H3644
Word #: 12 of 15
as, thus, so
אֶ֖בֶן as a stone H68
אֶ֖בֶן as a stone
Strong's: H68
Word #: 13 of 15
a stone
בְּמַ֥יִם waters H4325
בְּמַ֥יִם waters
Strong's: H4325
Word #: 14 of 15
water; figuratively, juice; by euphemism, urine, semen
עַזִּֽים׃ into the mighty H5794
עַזִּֽים׃ into the mighty
Strong's: H5794
Word #: 15 of 15
strong, vehement, harsh

Analysis & Commentary

And thou didst divide the sea before them, so that they went through the midst of the sea on the dry land; and their persecutors thou threwest into the deeps, as a stone into the mighty waters.

This verse within Nehemiah 9 addresses themes of confession, God's faithfulness, corporate prayer, covenant history. Extended corporate prayer recounts God's faithfulness through Israel's history while honestly confessing persistent covenant violations. This passage demonstrates biblical principles applicable across both testaments—God's sovereignty combined with human responsibility, faith expressed through obedient action, and the necessity of both individual and corporate commitment to covenant faithfulness. Nehemiah models leadership that combines vision, prayer, courage, integrity, and perseverance amid sustained opposition.

Historical Context

Nehemiah's account occurs during Persian imperial dominance (539-331 BC), specifically 445-433 BC under Artaxerxes I. The spiritual reforms under Ezra and Nehemiah shaped Judaism for centuries, establishing Scripture's centrality and patterns of worship continuing into the intertestamental period and beyond. The Persian period was crucial transitional time when Jewish identity shifted from monarchical nationalism to Torah-centered covenantal community. Without political independence, the people's cohesion depended on shared scripture, temple worship, and covenant obedience. This established patterns persisting through the Second Temple period into New Testament times. Understanding this context illuminates Jesus's ministry among a people shaped by these reforms and challenges.

Questions for Reflection

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